Biophysical Study of Porcine Ear Skin In Vitro and Its Comparison to Human Skin In Vivo

Sekkat, Nabila; Kalia, Yogeshvar N.; Guy, Richard H.

doi:10.1002/jps.10220

Cited by 170 publications

(114 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Twenty sequential tapes were obtained in each set of experiments for the tape stripping procedure. The direction of tape removal was alternated in order to achieve more uniform stripping of the SC [17,18]. This ex vivo tape stripping procedure was standardised in terms of intensity by using a 10 cm long lint roller (Primark, Reading, UK) and the speed of tape stripping was monitored to ensure reproducibility.…”

Section: Ex Vivo Permeation Studies and Tape Stripping Using Porcine mentioning

confidence: 99%

The application of ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and multivariate data analysis to study drug crystallisation in the stratum corneum

Goh

Craig

Hadgraft

et al. 2017

European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics

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Drug permeation through the intercellular lipids, which pack around and between corneocytes, may be enhanced by increasing the thermodynamic activity of the active in a formulation. However, this may also result in unwanted drug crystallisation on and in the skin. In this work, we explore the combination of ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and multivariate data analysis to study drug crystallisation in the skin.Ex vivo permeation studies of saturated solutions of diclofenac sodium (DF Na) in two vehicles, propylene glycol (PG) and dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO), were carried out in porcine ear skin. Tape stripping and ATR-FTIR spectroscopy were conducted simultaneously to collect spectral data as a function of skin depth. Multivariate data analysis was applied to visualise and categorise the spectral data in the region of interest (1700 -1500 cm -1 ) containing the carboxylate (COO -) asymmetric stretching vibrations of DF Na. 3Spectral data showed the redshifts of the COO -asymmetric stretching vibrations for DF Na in the solution compared with solid drug. Similar shifts were evident following application of saturated solutions of DF Na to porcine skin samples. Multivariate data analysis categorised the spectral data based on the spectral differences and drug crystallisation was found to be confined to the upper layers of the skin.This proof-of-concept study highlights the utility of ATR-FTIR spectroscopy in combination with multivariate data analysis as a simple and rapid approach in the investigation of drug deposition in the skin. The approach described here will be extended to the study of other actives for topical application to the skin. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT KEY WORDSStratum corneum; Crystallisation; ATR-FTIR; Multivariate data analysis, Porcine skin 4

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Section: Ex Vivo Permeation Studies and Tape Stripping Using Porcine mentioning

confidence: 99%

The application of ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and multivariate data analysis to study drug crystallisation in the stratum corneum

Goh

Craig

Hadgraft

et al. 2017

European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics

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“…In addition, the skin distribution of carbon (C), titanium (Ti) and zinc (Zn) was observed using elemental mapping (EDX, X-Max50; Horiba Ltd., Kyoto, Japan). In this study, we used porcine ear skin, which is found to be similar barrier function to human skin [14][15][16] and have larger the hair follicles than hairless rats. Figure 1a shows the permeation profiles of Fluoresbrite ® through needle-punctured skin.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of Skin Permeation/Penetration of Nanoparticles for Their Safety Evaluation

Kimura

Kawano

Todo

et al. 2012

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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The aim of the present study was to quantitatively evaluate the skin permeation/penetration of nanomaterials and to consider their penetration pathway through skin. Firstly, penetration/permeation of a model fluorescent nanoparticle, Fluoresbrite ® , was determined through intact rat skin and several damaged skins. Fluoresbrite ® permeated through only needle-punctured skin. The permeation profiles of soluble high molecular compounds, fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextrans (FITC-dextrans, FDs), with different molecular weights were also measured for comparison. The effects of molecular sizes and different skin pretreatments on the skin barrier were determined on the skin penetration/permeation of Fluoresbrite ® and FDs. Fluoresbrite ® was not permeated the intact skin, but FDs were permeated the skin. The skin distribution of titanium dioxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles was also observed after topical application of commercial cosmetics. Nanoparticles in sunscreen cosmetics were easily distributed into the groove and hair follicles after their topical application, but seldom migrated from the groove or follicles to viable epidermis and dermis. The obtained results suggested that nanoparticles did not permeate intact skin, but permeated pore-created skin. No or little permeation was observed for these nanomaterials through the stratum corneum.

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“…Determination of H, D and KP comes from: (1) knowledge or assumption of K, and (2) construction of a plot of 1/TEWL(x) versus X, where X (in μm units) is part of the stratum corneum removed by tape stripping, resulting in TEWL increasing to TEWL(x) [40,41]. The equations used in the plot analysis are:…”

Section: Fick's First Law and Passive Diffusion Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Secondly, low-frequency skin impedance decreased exponentially as a function of progressive stratum corneum removal. The differential sensitivities of TEWL and lowfrequency impedance measurements to the degree of barrier impairment suggest that the techniques used together represent a way to characterize stratum corneum functionality [40]. Regarding the studies of Mitragotri and collaborators, the transport processes in the skin can be described by Fick's First Law [30].…”

Section: Fick's First Law and Passive Diffusion Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sekkat and collaborators evaluated the biophysical properties, such as transepidermal water loss (TEWL) of porcine ear skin and compared the results with data from the human skin in vivo [40]. Using Fick's First Law of diffusion to describe TEWL across the skin, if K is the stratum corneum/water partition coefficient, D is the diffusivity of water across Other mathematical models describing the delivery of drug through the dermis are based on Fick's Second Law.…”

Section: Fick's Second Lawmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dermic diffusion and stratum corneum: A state of the art review of mathematical models

Couto

Fernandes

Cordeiro

et al. 2014

Journal of Controlled Release

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A B S T R A C TTransdermal biotechnologies are an ever increasing field of interest, due to the medical and pharmaceutical applications that they underlie. There are several mathematical models at use that permit a more inclusive vision of pure experimental data and even allow practical extrapolation for new dermal diffusion methodologies. However, they grasp a complex variety of theories and assumptions that allocate their use for specific situations. Models based on Fick's First Law found better use in contexts where scaled particle theory Models would be extensive in time-span but the reciprocal is also true, as context of transdermal diffusion of particular active compounds changes. This article reviews extensively the various theoretical methodologies for studying dermic diffusion in the rate limiting dermic barrier, the stratum corneum, and systematizes its characteristics, their proper context of application, advantages and limitations, as well as future perspectives.

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Biophysical Study of Porcine Ear Skin In Vitro and Its Comparison to Human Skin In Vivo

Cited by 170 publications

References 22 publications

The application of ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and multivariate data analysis to study drug crystallisation in the stratum corneum

The application of ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and multivariate data analysis to study drug crystallisation in the stratum corneum

Measurement of Skin Permeation/Penetration of Nanoparticles for Their Safety Evaluation

Dermic diffusion and stratum corneum: A state of the art review of mathematical models

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