Biophysics of substrate interaction: Influence on neural motility, differentiation, and repair

Moore, Sam; Sheetz, Michael P.

doi:10.1002/dneu.20947

Cited by 83 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 122 publications

(130 reference statements)

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Section: Measuring Cell and Tissue Mechanicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, recent in vitro studies suggest that many neuronal as well as glial cell types also respond to mechanical cues throughout their development ( Fig. 1) (reviewed by Franze and Guck, 2010;Moore and Sheetz, 2011;Franze et al, 2013).The response of nervous tissue cells to mechanical stimuli is particularly interesting with respect to their mechanical environment. Adult nervous tissue is mechanically inhomogeneous (Elkin et al, 2007;Green et al, 2008;Christ et al, 2010); [for recent reviews on brain mechanics, see (Chatelin et al, 2010;Franze and Guck, 2010;Franze et al, 2013)].…”

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confidence: 99%

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The mechanical control of nervous system development

2013

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The development of the nervous system has so far, to a large extent, been considered in the context of biochemistry, molecular biology and genetics. However, there is growing evidence that many biological systems also integrate mechanical information when making decisions during differentiation, growth, proliferation, migration and general function. Based on recent findings, I hypothesize that several steps during nervous system development, including neural progenitor cell differentiation, neuronal migration, axon extension and the folding of the brain, rely on or are even driven by mechanical cues and forces.Key words: Mechanics, Mechanosensitivity, Mechanotaxis, Mechanotransduction, Stiffness, Force, Tension, Brain folding Introduction Many processes in development involve growth and motion on different length and time scales. All of these processes are driven by forces; the development of organisms and organ systems would not proceed without mechanics. For example, during neuronal development, neurons migrate and extend immature processes (neurites), which become axons and dendrites. Axons then grow in two different phases, both of which are distinguished by the nature of the forces that drive the growth. In the first phase, growth cones at the tips of axonal processes actively exert forces on their environment (Betz et al., 2011), thus pulling on the processes (Lamoureux et al., 1989). In a second phase, after connecting with their target tissue, axons may be passively pulled by the increasing distance between target and nervous tissue, resulting in considerable growth in length, a process referred to as stretch growth (Weiss, 1941). Once the final connectivity is established, tension may develop along neuronal axons, which may be involved in neuronal network formation and the folding of the brain. Apart from this direct requirement of forces for developmental processes, which has been studied to some degree in the past, the mechanical interaction of cells with their environment may add an additional level of control to several processes in the developing nervous system, including progenitor cell differentiation and cellular guidance.The idea of an important contribution of mechanics to the development of the nervous system has been around for more than a century. However, recent decades have seen only little progress in this field compared with other (e.g. electrophysiology, molecular biology or genetics-based) areas of neuroscience. Progress often depends on the availability of appropriate methodology. Only recently has the increasing involvement of physical and engineering approaches in interdisciplinary studies of biological systems led to the development of new techniques and conceptual approaches that can be used to quantitatively probe and control relevant mechanical parameters, such as cell and tissue stiffness, cellular forces, and tension. In recent years, such tissue mechanics-based studies have resulted in an increasing awareness of the importance of physical parameters, particularly in developm...

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Section: Measuring Cell and Tissue Mechanicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

The mechanical control of nervous system development

2013

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“…Later on, in 1934, P. Weiss in an attempt to describe the tendency of the cells to orient themselves along anisotropic topographical features of the surface, such as fibers and ridges, introduced the term "contact guidance" [1]. Nowadays, however, the emerging field of bioengineering takes advantage of more elaborate techniques that make feasible the fabrication of culture platforms with specific patterning at micron and sub-micron scale onto a plethora of different materials, which allow profound investigation of cellular functions vis-a-vis material topography.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser fabricated discontinuous anisotropic microconical substrates as a new model scaffold to control the directionality of neuronal network outgrowth

et al. 2015

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“…Much progress has been made in our understanding of the cellular and molecular basis of neuronal migration in vitro (Solecki et al, 2009) and in vivo , including the role of various cytoskeleton contractile components (He et al, 2010), their regulation by intracellular signaling pathways (Feng and Walsh, 2001), and transduction mechanisms underlying cellular responses to extracellular guidance cues (Wu et al, 1999;Guan et al, 2007). However, the biomechanical aspects of neuronal migration are only beginning to be explored (Moore and Sheetz, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%