Biopolymer and Water Dynamics in Microbial Biofilm Extracellular Polymeric Substance

Abstract

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a noninvasive and nondestructive tool able to access several observable quantities in biofilms such as chemical composition, diffusion, and macroscale structure and transport. Pulsed gradient spin echo (PGSE) NMR techniques were used to measure spectrally resolved biomacromolecular diffusion in biofilm biomass, extending previous research on spectrally resolved diffusion in biofilms. The dominant free water signal was nulled using an inversion recovery modification of the traditional PGSE technique in which the signal from free water is minimized in order to view the spectra of components such as the rotationally mobile carbohydrates, DNA, and proteins. Diffusion data for the major constituents obtained from each of these spectral peaks demonstrate that the biomass of the biofilm contains both a fast and slow diffusion component. The dependence of diffusion on antimicrobial and environmental challenges suggests the polymer molecular dynamics measured by NMR are a sensitive indicator of biofilm function.

New water resistant biomaterial biocide film based on guar gum

“…Planktonic population however might exist which was reflected in quantitative antimicrobial experiments. Biofilming is intricately linked to water diffusion (Hornemann et al, 2008) and water resistant film structure of GGBA was another deterrent to microbial growth promotion. Success of a biocide film depends on multiple factors which could best be traced when biofilming is resisted.…”

The influence of flow cell geometry related shear stresses on the distribution, structure and susceptibility ofPseudomonas aeruginosa01 biofilms

“…Biofilm formation is the result of several concurrent physical, chemical, and biological processes (Characklis and Wilderer 1989), which include: (1) cell and particle transport to the substratum (Lewandowski et al 1995;Reichert and Wanner 1997), (2) cell adhesion and attachment (Baillif et al 2006;Bruhn et al 2006), (3) biofilm generation by cellular growth and extra-cellular polymer production (Wood and Whitaker 1999;Cogan and Keener 2004;Klausen et al 2006), (4) biofilm detachment Towler et al 2003), and (5) substrate and product transport to and from the biofilm (Rahardjo et al 2006;Hornemann et al 2008). These processes result in morphologically complex biofilm structures, which in turn influence the microbial activities within the biofilm and determine, for example, transport of oxygen, nutrient and antimicrobial agents (de Beer et al 1994;Stoodley et al 1997a,b;Hornemann et al 2008).…”

“…These processes result in morphologically complex biofilm structures, which in turn influence the microbial activities within the biofilm and determine, for example, transport of oxygen, nutrient and antimicrobial agents (de Beer et al 1994;Stoodley et al 1997a,b;Hornemann et al 2008). …”

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance: Basic Principles and Liquid State Spectroscopy

“…For an overview, see, for example, Codd et al (2006). These techniques have been widely used to study flow and mass transport through a large number of different materials including, for example, colloidal suspensions (Brown et al, 2007(Brown et al, , 2009Kaneda et al, 2009), foams (Brosten et al, 2009a(Brosten et al, , 2010, porous ceramic (Brosten et al, 2009b), biofilms and biofilmcovered capillaries (Hornemann et al, 2008(Hornemann et al, , 2009, and tablets (Broadbent et al, 2010). 129 Xe Spy Detection.…”