Biopolymer‐mediated synthesis and characterisation of platinum nanocomposite and its anti‐fungal activity against A. parasiticus and A. flavus

Abstract

The green synthesis of the platinum (Pt) nanocomposite was achieved using a natural biopolymer gum kondagogu (GK), a widely preferred reducing agent because of its biocompatible and biodegradable nature. The synthesised GK Pt nanoparticle (GKPtNP) were characterised by using different analytical techniques such as ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer, transmission electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS). The objective of the present work was to evaluate the anti-fungal activity of GKPtNP against two strains Aspergillus parasiticus and Aspergillus flavus for the first time. The results revealed that GKPtNP-treated fungal cell suspensions showed the minimum inhibitory concentration of 10 μg ml −1 for both the strains and exhibited IC 50 values as 37.2 and 29.4 μg ml −1 , against A. parasiticus and A. flavus. The mechanism of action of Pt nanocomposite on fungi outer membrane and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was elucidated. It was observed that the interaction of GKPtNP caused destabilisation of fungal outer membrane signifying elevated levels of ROS leading to oxidative stress. In conclusion, the Pt nanocomposite materials acted as a fungicidal agent against A. parasiticus and A. flavus and give a significant scope in various biomedical applications.

Synthesis and characterisation of novel biopolymer stabilised organic Pt‐nanocomposite: assessment of its antioxidant and antitumour properties

“…The present results are in agreement with Vinod et al , [21] and Godugu and Sashidhar [22] who reported GKPt NPs to be 2.4 ± 0.7 nm and 2–4 ± 0.50 nm, respectively. Sreedhar et al [72] reported 2–3 nm with gum acacia stabilised Pt NPs while Kora and Rastogi [73] reported 4.4 ± 0.5 nm with gum olibanum stabilised Pt NPs.…”

“…The percent conversion of Pt ions to NPs was 85.11% suggesting the excellent reductive property of GK in the formation of GKCPt NC. Earlier, Godugu and Sashidhar [22] reported percent conversion of Pt ions to NPs at 56.06% in GKPt NP.…”

“…For the preparation GKCPt NC using soluble GK and carboplatin, the method described in Vinod et al [21] and Godugu and Sashidhar [22] was followed with minor modifications. The synthesis was carried out by the following procedure.…”

“…The novel biopolymer, gum kondagogu (GK) is a heteropolysaccharide derived as an exudate from the bark of Cochlospermum gossypium and other species of Cochlospermum belonging to the Bixaceae family and has been well characterised. Recent research articles showed that either total GK [21–23] or soluble GK [24] could be used for the synthesis of metal NP which is the unique characteristic feature of this gum. This novel biopolymer is non‐toxic [25] with high mass and intrinsic viscosity compared to other tree gums [26], and non‐allergic or zero immunologic response in nature [27], approving it to be safe for numerous applications in food and pharma industries.…”

“…There are relatively a number of published works on the synthesis of metal NPs using metal inorganic salts as precursors and biopolymers as a reducing agent [21, 22, 24, 33]. The present manuscript describes the synthesis of GK stabilised organic Pt‐nanocomposite (GKCPt NC) using carboplatin as a precursor and GK as stabilising or reducing agent.…”