Biopolyols obtained via microwave-assisted liquefaction of lignin: structure, rheological, physical and thermal properties

Gosz, Kamila; Kosmela, Paulina; Hejna, Aleksander; Gajowiec, Grzegorz; Piszczyk, Łukasz

doi:10.1007/s00226-018-0991-4

Cited by 47 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Comparing the viscosity results with values of hydroxyl number and biomass conversion for polyols obtained at 180°C, it can be concluded that at this Fig. 4 Changes in the hydroxyl number and biomass conversion after 6 h of the liquefaction process depending on the solvent used temperature, apart from the liquefaction reaction, condensation of solvents occurs, which was confirmed in other work (Gosz et al 2018). Higher liquefaction temperatures could result in generation of branched and cyclic oligoglycerols structures, which could affect chain mobility and lead to increased viscosity (Li et al 2014).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

Chemical structures, rheological and physical properties of biopolyols prepared via solvothermal liquefaction of Enteromorpha and Zostera marina biomass

et al. 2019

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In this work, liquefied biomass from the Baltic Sea was used for the preparation of rigid polyurethane (PUR) foams. The biomass contained 10 wt% of Enteromorpha macroalgae and 90 wt% of Zostera marina seagrass characterized by a high content of cellulose. The influence of time, temperature and the type of solvent on the efficiency of the liquefaction process and properties of biopolyols was determined. Obtained materials were analyzed in terms of chemical structure, rheological properties, thermal stability and basic physical and mechanical properties. It was found that optimal parameters for liquefaction of used biomass were: temperature of 150°C, reaction time of 6 h and a solvent mixture containing glycerol and poly(ethylene glycol) in ratio of 50:50 (biopolyol 50G50P_150). Under these conditions, 78 wt% of biomass was liquefied and resulting biopolyol was characterized by a hydroxyl number of 650 mg KOH/g. Depending on the used solvent mixture and the liquefaction temperature, biopolyols showed the character of Newtonian or non-Newtonian liquids. Rigid PUR foams were obtained by substitution of petrochemical polyol with 10, 20 and 30 wt% of biopolyol. It was found that the addition of biopolyol to foams' formulations did not cause significant changes in their chemical structure, while mechanical strength and thermal stability were enhanced. The presented study confirms that biomass from the Baltic Sea can be used for the synthesis of biopolyols and rigid polyurethane foams.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

Chemical structures, rheological and physical properties of biopolyols prepared via solvothermal liquefaction of Enteromorpha and Zostera marina biomass

et al. 2019

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“…Similar to the varying liquefaction results for different ligneous plants, the species of microalgae was also found to be an important factor. Other raw materials that have been studied and found to influence liquefaction conversion and product properties include type of waste paper and source of lignin [27,28,30,48,49].…”

Section: Lignocellulosic Biomass Sources Formentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various lignocellulosic biomass types such as poplar, southern pine, bamboo, bagasse, agricultural residues, and lignin have been microwave liquefied in alcohol solvents to produce PU foams. As shown in Figure 2, under different liquefaction conditions (the mass ratio of bagasse flour and biocomponent polyhydric alcohol was 1 : 2, 1 : 3, and 1 : 4 and the temperature was 125°C and 150°C), all the synthesized PU foams were of rigid type and the foam was darker in color with the addition of the liquefied bagasse [49,60,[74][75][76][77][78][79][80]. The properties of the fabricated biobased foams from microwave-liquefied products were largely dependent on the biomass type, heating methods, and liquefaction conditions.…”

Section: Integrated Utilization Of Liquefied Liquidmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the preparation of the rigid PU foams from microwave-liquefied lignin products without any pretreatment, by increasing the [NOC]/[OH] ratio from 0.6 to 1.0, the compressive strength of the foams increased [78]. By increasing the biopolyol proportion from microwave-liquefied lignin (from 25% to 50%), the apparent density, compressive strength, and thermal stability of the obtained biobased foams all increased [49].…”

Section: Integrated Utilization Of Liquefied Liquidmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Agricultural and Forest Residues towards Renewable Chemicals and Materials Using Microwave Liquefaction

Shao

Zhao

Xie

et al. 2019

International Journal of Polymer Science

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Microwave-assisted liquefaction is regarded as a promising thermochemical approach to produce renewable and sustainable chemicals and materials from lignocellulosic biomass. Agricultural and forest residues as sources of lignocellulosic biomass have great potential in this regard. With process optimizations, several biomass types have been subjected to liquefaction in different solvents with various catalysts. The products from recent microwave liquefaction with and without further fractionation have been thoroughly analyzed and used for the synthesis of biomaterials. Renewable chemicals, polyurethane foams with partial use of renewable raw materials, and phenolic resins have been the main products from microwave-liquefied products. Further research on microwave liquefaction mechanisms and scalable production should be enhanced to fully evaluate the economic and environmental benefits. This work presents an overview on achievements using liquefaction in combination with microwave energy to convert lignocellulosic biomass into value-added products and chemicals.

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“…Piszczyk et al investigated the conversion of lignin to biopolyols via microwave assisted liquefaction in crude glycerol and 1,4-butanediol at mild reaction conditions (temperature of 130-170 • C) [48]. Finally, a polyol with a hydroxyl number of 670 mg KOH/g was achieved with a yield of 93%, and liquefied biopolyol could be directly used for the production of rigid polyurethane foams.…”

Section: Hydrogen Donor Solvent Of Multi-componentmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Microwave Assisted Liquefaction of Lignin in Hydrogen Donor Solvents: Effect of Solvents and Catalysts

2018

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Lignin, a renewable source of aromatic chemicals in nature, has attracted increasing attention due to its structure and application prospect. Catalytic solvolysis has developed as a promising method for the production of value-added products from lignin. The liquefaction process is closely associated with heating methods, catalysts and solvents. Microwave assisted lignin liquefaction in hydrogen donor solvent with the presence of catalysts has been confirmed to be effective to promote the production of liquid fuels or fine chemicals. A great number of researchers should be greatly appreciated on account of their contributions on the progress of microwave technology in lignin liquefaction. In this study, microwave assisted liquefaction of lignin in a hydrogen donor solvent is extensively overviewed, concerning the effect of different solvents and catalysts. This review concludes that microwave assisted liquefaction is a promising technology for the valorization of lignin, which could reduce the reaction time, decrease the reaction temperature, and finally fulfill the utilization of lignin in a relatively mild condition. In the future, heterogeneous catalysts with high catalytic activity and stability need to be prepared to achieve the need for large-scale production of high-quality fuels and value-added chemicals from lignin.

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Biopolyols obtained via microwave-assisted liquefaction of lignin: structure, rheological, physical and thermal properties

Cited by 47 publications

References 49 publications

Chemical structures, rheological and physical properties of biopolyols prepared via solvothermal liquefaction of Enteromorpha and Zostera marina biomass

Chemical structures, rheological and physical properties of biopolyols prepared via solvothermal liquefaction of Enteromorpha and Zostera marina biomass

Agricultural and Forest Residues towards Renewable Chemicals and Materials Using Microwave Liquefaction

A Review of Microwave Assisted Liquefaction of Lignin in Hydrogen Donor Solvents: Effect of Solvents and Catalysts

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