Bioprospecting Antimicrobials from Lactiplantibacillus plantarum: Key Factors Underlying Its Probiotic Action

Abstract

Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) is a well-studied and versatile species of lactobacilli. It is found in several niches, including human mucosal surfaces, and it is largely employed in the food industry and boasts a millenary tradition of safe use, sharing a long-lasting relationship with humans. L. plantarum is generally recognised as safe and exhibits a strong probiotic character, so that several strains are commercialised as health-promoting supplements and functional food products. For these reasons, L. plantarum represents a valuable model to gain insight into the nature and mechanisms of antimicrobials as key factors underlying the probiotic action of health-promoting microbes. Probiotic antimicrobials can inhibit the growth of pathogens in the gut ensuring the intestinal homeostasis and contributing to the host health. Furthermore, they may be attractive alternatives to conventional antibiotics, holding potential in several biomedical applications. The aim of this review is to investigate the most relevant papers published in the last ten years, bioprospecting the antimicrobial activity of characterised probiotic L. plantarum strains. Specifically, it focuses on the different chemical nature, the action spectra and the mechanisms underlying the bioactivity of their antibacterial and antiviral agents. Emerging trends in postbiotics, some in vivo applications of L. plantarum antimicrobials, including strengths and limitations of their therapeutic potential, are addressed and discussed.

The Bioaccessibility and Antioxidant Activities of Fermented Mango Cultivar Juices after Simulated In Vitro Digestion

“…Lactiplantibacillus plantarum ( Ltp. plantarum ) is a known versatile strain of lactic acid bacteria belonging to the Lactobacilli genus that is often used in the fermentation of foods due to its ability to survive in harsh conditions, and its potential to exhibit probiotic properties [ 10 , 13 ]. Ltp.…”

“…Ltp. plantarum strains are adapted to the human mucosal environment and other ecological niches [ 13 ]. Similarly, Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides ( Leu pseudomesenteroides ) are lactic acid bacteria belonging to the Leuconostoc genera which have been identified for their antimicrobial activities.…”

Bioprospecting of Ribosomally Synthesized and Post-translationally Modified Peptides Through Genome Characterization of a Novel Probiotic Lactiplantibacillus plantarum UTNGt21A Strain: A Promising Natural Antimicrobials Factory

“…Although both strains exerted an almost similar spectrum of inhibition, the small difference might be related to the nature of the substances released in the extract and the target pathogen. Early studies demonstrated the inhibitory activity of bacteriocin-like substances from different L. plantarum is species-specific ( Rocchetti et al, 2021 ). Our results were in concordance with our previous results indicating that both the spectrum and the strength of antibacterial property of LAB are strain-specific.…”

“…As well, several strains are producing a large group of natural substances such as RiPP-like molecules (ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides), PKs (polyketides), NRPs (non-ribosomally produced peptides), terpenes with application in medicine ( Montalbán-López et al, 2021 ). Considering these numerous attributes along with the strains’ flexibility to adapt in several environments make L. plantarum strains an ideal and effective probiotic or antimicrobials producer which might confer positive health benefits to humans ( Fidanza et al, 2021 ; Rocchetti et al, 2021 ).…”

Context-dependent differences in the functional responses of Lactobacillaceae strains to fermentable sugars

“…To map adaptations to carbohydrates that are growth dependent and independent, we systematically compared the response to metabolic stress in microaerophilic (CO 2 enriched environments) >3% CO 2 ) conditions of the five probiotic Lactobacillaceae species: Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG (15), Lacticaseibacillus casei (16), Lactobacillus acidophilus (17), Lacticaseibacillus paracasei , and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (18) during planktonic growth and colony biofilm formation. Bacillus coagulans , a probiotic Bacilli belonging to the same phylum(19), was studied as a non-Lactobacillaceae LAB control strain.…”