Biopsychosocial Correlates of Adjustment to Pain Among People With Multiple Sclerosis

Abstract

These findings provide support for the premise that psychosocial factors remain central in disability-related pain and suggest the possibility that interventions targeting these variables would reduce the negative impact of pain among people with MS.

The experience of pain severity and pain interference in vulvodynia patients: The role of cognitive-behavioural factors, psychological distress and fatigue

“…In agreement with previous research (36), the relationships between education and both outcomes were found to act protectively, with more years of educations being associated with lower pain interference. Age was significantly associated with pain severity, with younger age associated with higher pain severity, which is consistent with previous pain studies (37,38).…”

Chronic Pain in People with Physically Disabling Conditions: A Review of the Application of Biopsychosocial Models

“…However, operant models of chronic pain suggest that pain contingent social support would result in increased disability, which may also provide a parsimonious explanation of the findings. The extent to which respondents with multiple sclerosis believed they were able to control or decrease their pain through use of their coping strategies has been found to be associated with decreased pain intensity, however no specific coping strategy was predictive (Douglas, et al, 2008). Further, in the same study no coping strategy was found to be predictive of life interference due to pain and only coping by increasing activities was found to be associated with improved psychological functioning.…”

“…A belief that pain is constant or enduring has been found to significantly predict both pain intensity and interference to activities due to pain among those with multiple sclerosis (Douglas, et al, 2008). The lower endorsement of the belief that others should be solicitous in response to pain behaviours was associated with better psychological functioning among people with muscular dystrophy (Miro, et al, 2009) …”

“…In a study of people with phantom limb pain, pain catastrophizing was also shown to significantly contribute to wind-up-like pain when anxiety and depression were controlled for (Vase, et al, 2011) Pain catastrophizing has been found to be positively associated with pain-related disability among those with spinal cord injury, cerebral palsy, phantom limb pain, muscular dystrophy and multiple sclerosis (Borsbo, et al, 2009;Douglas, Wollin, & Windsor, 2008;Engel, et al, 2000;Hill, et al, 1995;Miro, et al, 2009;Molton, et al, 2009;Osborne, et al, 2007). Psychological functioning among people with spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, phantom limb pain, muscular dystrophy and cerebral palsy has been found to be negatively associated with pain catastrophizing (Douglas, et al, 2008;Engel, Jensen, & Schwartz, 2006;Engel, et al, 2000;Hanley, et al, 2004;Hill, et al, 1995;Miro, et al, 2009;Molton, et al, 2009;Osborne, et al, 2007;Smedema, Catalano, & Ebener, 2011;Ullrich, Jensen, Loeser, & Cardenas, 2007;Wollaars, et al, 2007). Pain catastrophizing has also been shown to mediate the relationship between pain severity and psychological distress and pain-related disability among people with spinal cord injury (Ullrich, et al, 2007).…”

Towards a better understanding of MS pain: A systematic review of potentially modifiable psychosocial factors

“…Two good [9,53] and one medium quality study [10] examined the relationship between pain severity and pain catastrophizing. Two studies found medium to large positive bivariate relationships between pain severity and pain catastrophizing [9,10].…”