Bioreactor-based roadmap for the translation of tissue engineering strategies into clinical products

Biological Augmentation and Tissue Engineering Approaches in Meniscus Surgery

“…If these areas of expertise can be matched appropriately, the introduction of bioreactor systems in the manufacture of cellular grafts can be exploited, not only to reach higher levels of tissue organization and mechanical functionality but also to reduce operator handling, automate processes, and ultimately standardize the quality of the product. 85 …”

Biomechanics and tissue engineering

“…If the developed scaffold can induce by itself tissue ingrowths due to the incorporation of mechanotransduction concepts in its development, an off-the-shelf product could be obtained. This would obviously allow avoiding the burden of the regulatory affairs related to bioreactors or biological products [38] as well as facilitating the translation of the developed scaffold into clinical practice.…”

Biomechanics in bone tissue engineering

“…A recent review by Martin et al (2009) highlights the difficulty of obtaining consistent engineered tissue. With bioreactors for large scaffolds, the transport of nutrients must be provided through convection, and it is a challenge to find the optimal perfusion velocity ensuring, for example, an oxygen supply in the centre of the scaffold without inducing a detrimental shear stress on the membrane (Pierre and Oddou 2007).…”

“…If the developed scaffold can in and of itself induce bone ingrowth, following the incorporation of mechanotransduction concepts in its development, an offthe-shelf product could be obtained. This approach would obviously avoid the burden of the regulatory affairs related to bioreactors (Martin et al 2009) and facilitate the translation of the developed scaffold into clinical practice.…”