Bioreactor Technologies for Enhanced Organoid Culture

Licata, Joseph; Schwab, K.O.; Har-el, Yah-el; Gerstenhaber, Jonathan A; Lelkes, Peter I.

doi:10.3390/ijms241411427

Cited by 30 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…These devices are especially efficient in quickly providing cells with the essential nutrients and growth factors; they are primarily used for rapid organoid generation in the nervous system over a brief period of 2–4 weeks ( 44 ).…”

Section: Methodologies Of Tumor Organoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications and perspectives of tumor organoids in radiobiology (Review)

Yu,

Wang,

Tang

et al. 2024

Oncol Rep

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Section: Methodologies Of Tumor Organoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications and perspectives of tumor organoids in radiobiology (Review)

Yu,

Wang,

Tang

et al. 2024

Oncol Rep

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“…Additionally, 3D culture systems allow researchers to apply mechanical stimuli, such as shear forces and fluid flow, to replicate the mechanical cues experienced by bone cells in vivo. This not only influences osteogenic differentiation but also enhances the development of bone tissue constructs [ 67 , 68 , 69 ].…”

Section: Application Of Bone Differentiation In 3d Culture Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advantages of Using 3D Spheroid Culture Systems in Toxicological and Pharmacological Assessment for Osteogenesis Research

Yun,

Kim,

Kim

et al. 2024

IJMS

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Bone differentiation is crucial for skeletal development and maintenance. Its dysfunction can cause various pathological conditions such as rickets, osteoporosis, osteogenesis imperfecta, or Paget’s disease. Although traditional two-dimensional cell culture systems have contributed significantly to our understanding of bone biology, they fail to replicate the intricate biotic environment of bone tissue. Three-dimensional (3D) spheroid cell cultures have gained widespread popularity for addressing bone defects. This review highlights the advantages of employing 3D culture systems to investigate bone differentiation. It highlights their capacity to mimic the complex in vivo environment and crucial cellular interactions pivotal to bone homeostasis. The exploration of 3D culture models in bone research offers enhanced physiological relevance, improved predictive capabilities, and reduced reliance on animal models, which have contributed to the advancement of safer and more effective strategies for drug development. Studies have highlighted the transformative potential of 3D culture systems for expanding our understanding of bone biology and developing targeted therapeutic interventions for bone-related disorders. This review explores how 3D culture systems have demonstrated promise in unraveling the intricate mechanisms governing bone homeostasis and responses to pharmacological agents.

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“…As organoid systems begin to scale up in size and complexity, there is an increased demand for systems that can adequately supply nutrients throughout larger tissues. Spinner or oscillatory bioreactors improve nutrient diffusion to an extent [ 151 ]; however, larger organoids still develop hypoxic cores as oxygen and nutrients are unable to penetrate into the center of dense tissues through passive diffusion [ 151 ]. Therefore, vascularized organoids are necessary to sustain even fetal organ-scale tissues [ 152 , 153 ].…”

Section: Approaches To Use Biophysical Factors In Regulating Organoid...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Biophysical Factors in Organ Development: Insights from Current Organoid Models

Wyle,

Lu,

Hepfer

et al. 2024

Bioengineering

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Biophysical factors play a fundamental role in human embryonic development. Traditional in vitro models of organogenesis focused on the biochemical environment and did not consider the effects of mechanical forces on developing tissue. While most human tissue has a Young’s modulus in the low kilopascal range, the standard cell culture substrate, plasma-treated polystyrene, has a Young’s modulus of 3 gigapascals, making it 10,000–100,000 times stiffer than native tissues. Modern in vitro approaches attempt to recapitulate the biophysical niche of native organs and have yielded more clinically relevant models of human tissues. Since Clevers’ conception of intestinal organoids in 2009, the field has expanded rapidly, generating stem-cell derived structures, which are transcriptionally similar to fetal tissues, for nearly every organ system in the human body. For this reason, we conjecture that organoids will make their first clinical impact in fetal regenerative medicine as the structures generated ex vivo will better match native fetal tissues. Moreover, autologously sourced transplanted tissues would be able to grow with the developing embryo in a dynamic, fetal environment. As organoid technologies evolve, the resultant tissues will approach the structure and function of adult human organs and may help bridge the gap between preclinical drug candidates and clinically approved therapeutics. In this review, we discuss roles of tissue stiffness, viscoelasticity, and shear forces in organ formation and disease development, suggesting that these physical parameters should be further integrated into organoid models to improve their physiological relevance and therapeutic applicability. It also points to the mechanotransductive Hippo-YAP/TAZ signaling pathway as a key player in the interplay between extracellular matrix stiffness, cellular mechanics, and biochemical pathways. We conclude by highlighting how frontiers in physics can be applied to biology, for example, how quantum entanglement may be applied to better predict spontaneous DNA mutations. In the future, contemporary physical theories may be leveraged to better understand seemingly stochastic events during organogenesis.

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Bioreactor Technologies for Enhanced Organoid Culture

Cited by 30 publications

References 102 publications

Applications and perspectives of tumor organoids in radiobiology (Review)

Applications and perspectives of tumor organoids in radiobiology (Review)

Advantages of Using 3D Spheroid Culture Systems in Toxicological and Pharmacological Assessment for Osteogenesis Research

The Role of Biophysical Factors in Organ Development: Insights from Current Organoid Models

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