Bioreactors in tissue engineering: mimicking the microenvironment

Bayır, Ece; Sahinler, Mert; Celtikoglu, M. Mert; Ürkmez, Aylin Şendemir

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-102906-0.00018-0

Cited by 13 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 234 publications

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“…Traditional tissue engineering studies grow cells in a scaffold using static culture, where the scaffold is immersed in culture media which is occasionally refreshed. [50] Many tissue engineering bioreactor studies incorporate medium perfusion in a similar manner as our open chamber design, where medium is allowed to flow around the cellularized constructs. [51,52] In static and open chamber bioreactors, cell growth is frequently limited to a thin superficial layer on the scaffold surface with limited proliferation and cell death in the core.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personalized Volumetric Tissue Generation by Enhancing Multiscale Mass Transport through 3D Printed Scaffolds in Perfused Bioreactors

Forrestal

Allenby

Simpson

et al. 2022

Adv Healthcare Materials

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Engineered tissues provide an alternative to graft material, circumventing the use of donor tissue such as autografts or allografts and non-physiological synthetic implants. However, their lack of vasculature limits the growth of volumetric tissue more than several millimeters thick which limits their success post-implantation. Perfused bioreactors enhance nutrient mass transport inside lab-grown tissue but remain poorly customizable to support the culture of personalized implants. Here, a multiscale framework of computational fluid dynamics (CFD), additive manufacturing, and a perfusion bioreactor system are presented to engineer personalized volumetric tissue in the laboratory. First, microscale 3D printed scaffold pore geometries are designed and 3D printed to characterize media perfusion through CFD and experimental fluid testing rigs. Then, perfusion bioreactors are custom-designed to combine 3D printed scaffolds with flow-focusing inserts in patient-specific shapes as simulated using macroscale CFD. Finally, these computationally optimized bioreactor-scaffold assemblies are additively manufactured and cultured with pre-osteoblast cells for 7, 20, and 24 days to achieve tissue growth in the shape of human calcaneus bones of 13 mL volume and 1 cm thickness. This framework enables an intelligent model-based design of 3D printed scaffolds and perfusion bioreactors which enhances nutrient transport for long-term volumetric tissue growth in personalized implant shapes. The novel methods described here are readily applicable for use with different cell types, biomaterials, and scaffold microstructures to research therapeutic solutions for a wide range of tissues.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personalized Volumetric Tissue Generation by Enhancing Multiscale Mass Transport through 3D Printed Scaffolds in Perfused Bioreactors

Forrestal

Allenby

Simpson

et al. 2022

Adv Healthcare Materials

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show abstract

“…The device or system which maintains these biologically active conditions for cultivating tissue-engineered constructs is called a bioreactor [ 20 ]. The traditional static culture with petri dishes or flasks cultured in an incubator can be considered as the simplest bioreactor which provide the biochemical and physiochemical signaling factors and parts of the physical factors such as pH, carbon dioxide concentration, oxygen tension and temperature [ 381 ].…”

Section: Other Key Elements In Cartilage and Osteochondral Tissue Engineeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The configurations of bioreactors mimicking the biomechanical characteristics of articular cartilage are diverse, including stir, perfusion, rotating wall vessel, stretch, compression, hydrostatic pressure and combined ones, etc. [ 20 ] ( Fig. 9 ) Although the mechanical cues associated with the physiochemically tunable 3D scaffolds (such as surface topography, matrix stiffness) can also critically impact the cell fate [ 382 ], we will focus on those coming from the environmental culturing system in the bioreactor for cartilage and osteochondral tissue engineering in this section.…”

Section: Other Key Elements In Cartilage and Osteochondral Tissue Engineeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the great advances that have been made in the field of biomechanics in providing appropriate mechanical stimulus through bioreactors for engineered tissue construction, several limitations involved in the design and fabrication of bioreactors remain to be resolved, for example, lack of universal standards, discrepancy in design parameters and the subsequent incomparable experimental results for different apparatuses. Modularization, standardization and personalization would be the possible future tendency [ 20 , 374 ].…”

Section: Other Key Elements In Cartilage and Osteochondral Tissue Engineeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The incorporation of tissue forming cells and/or signaling factors is acknowledged to improve the ECM deposition and restoration efficacy by influencing the interaction between the adjacent native tissue and the artificial scaffold [ 18 , 19 ]. Among the molecular factors, there are biochemical, physiochemical and physical ones, the first of which are represented by growth factors, while the last physical ones are always shown in various bioreactors [ 20 ]. Although the options of the cells and signaling factors are relatively limited compared to those of the scaffolds, the importance cannot be ignored.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Articular cartilage and osteochondral tissue engineering techniques: Recent advances and challenges

Wei

Dai

2021

Bioactive Materials

194

161

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In spite of the considerable achievements in the field of regenerative medicine in the past several decades, osteochondral defect regeneration remains a challenging issue among diseases in the musculoskeletal system because of the spatial complexity of osteochondral units in composition, structure and functions. In order to repair the hierarchical tissue involving different layers of articular cartilage, cartilage-bone interface and subchondral bone, traditional clinical treatments including palliative and reparative methods have showed certain improvement in pain relief and defect filling. It is the development of tissue engineering that has provided more promising results in regenerating neo-tissues with comparable compositional, structural and functional characteristics to the native osteochondral tissues. Here in this review, some basic knowledge of the osteochondral units including the anatomical structure and composition, the defect classification and clinical treatments will be first introduced. Then we will highlight the recent progress in osteochondral tissue engineering from perspectives of scaffold design, cell encapsulation and signaling factor incorporation including bioreactor application. Clinical products for osteochondral defect repair will be analyzed and summarized later. Moreover, we will discuss the current obstacles and future directions to regenerate the damaged osteochondral tissues.

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Toward Artificial Cell‐Mediated Tissue Engineering: A New Perspective

Sümbelli,

Mason,

van Hest

2023

Advanced Biology

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The fast‐growing pace of regenerative medicine research has allowed the development of a range of novel approaches to tissue engineering applications. Until recently, the main points of interest in the majority of studies have been to combine different materials to control cellular behavior and use different techniques to optimize tissue formation, from 3‐D bioprinting to in situ regeneration. However, with the increase of the understanding of the fundamentals of cellular organization, tissue development, and regeneration, has also come the realization that for the next step in tissue engineering, a higher level of spatiotemporal control on cell‐matrix interactions is required. It is proposed that the combination of artificial cell research with tissue engineering could provide a route toward control over complex tissue development. By equipping artificial cells with the underlying mechanisms of cellular functions, such as communication mechanisms, migration behavior, or the coherent behavior of cells depending on the surrounding matrix properties, they can be applied in instructing native cells into desired differentiation behavior at a resolution not to be attained with traditional matrix materials.

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Bioreactors in tissue engineering: mimicking the microenvironment

Cited by 13 publications

References 234 publications

Personalized Volumetric Tissue Generation by Enhancing Multiscale Mass Transport through 3D Printed Scaffolds in Perfused Bioreactors

Personalized Volumetric Tissue Generation by Enhancing Multiscale Mass Transport through 3D Printed Scaffolds in Perfused Bioreactors

Articular cartilage and osteochondral tissue engineering techniques: Recent advances and challenges

Toward Artificial Cell‐Mediated Tissue Engineering: A New Perspective

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