Bioremediation of selenite in oil refinery wastewater

Lawson, S.; Macy, Joan M.

doi:10.1007/bf00164785

Cited by 59 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…A variety of compounds including acetate, lactate, pyruvate, certain sugars, amino acids, fatty acids, di-and tricarboxylic acids, and benzoate can serve as electron donors and carbon sources (10). T. selenatis was the first characterized organism to be used to reduce selenate to selenite in a biological reactor system for selenium oxyanion bioremediation (1,12,13). During active denitrification in the biological reactor, selenite was further reduced to elemental selenium (13).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Purification and Characterization of the Selenate Reductase from Thauera selenatis

Schröder¹,

Rech²,

Krafft³

et al. 1997

Journal of Biological Chemistry

216

183

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Thauera selenatis is one of two isolated bacterial species that can obtain energy by respiring anaerobically with selenate as the terminal electron acceptor. The reduction of selenate to selenite is catalyzed by a selenate reductase, previously shown to be located in the periplasmic space of the cell. This study describes the purification of the enzyme from T. selenatis grown anaerobically with selenate. The enzyme is a trimeric ␣␤␥ complex with an apparent M r of 180,000. The ␣, ␤, and ␥ subunits are 96 kDa, 40 kDa, and 23 kDa, respectively, in size. The selenate reductase contains molybdenum, iron, and acid-labile sulfur as prosthetic group constituents. UV-visible absorption spectroscopy also revealed the presence of one cytochrome b per ␣␤␥ complex. The K m for selenate was determined to be 16 M, and the V max was 40 mol/min/mg of protein. The enzyme is specific for the reduction of selenate; nitrate, nitrite, chlorate, and sulfate were not reduced at detectable rates. These studies constitute the first description of a selenate reductase, which represents a new class of enzymes. The significance of this enzyme in relation to cell growth and energy generation is discussed.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Purification and Characterization of the Selenate Reductase from Thauera selenatis

Schröder¹,

Rech²,

Krafft³

et al. 1997

Journal of Biological Chemistry

216

183

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“…L -1 [4]. The waste water from a selenium refinery plant in Japan contained an average of 30 mg. L -1 selenium, with the majority of the selenium present as selenite [4].…”

Section: -mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Waste water from oil refineries in the San Francisco Bay (USA) contains relatively low concentrations of selenium of about 50-300 µg. L -1 [4]. The waste water from a selenium refinery plant in Japan contained an average of 30 mg. L -1 selenium, with the majority of the selenium present as selenite [4].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…L -1 [4]. The waste water from a selenium refinery plant in Japan contained an average of 30 mg. L -1 selenium, with the majority of the selenium present as selenite [4].The upward trend in energy production from coal, along with the burning of fossil fuels contribute to this increase in selenium release. The high concentration of these selenium oxyanions poses a problem to the environment, since they are toxic and bio-accumulate readily.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Reduction of Selenium by Pseudomonas stutzeri Nt-I: Growth, Reduction and Kinetics

Ce¹,

Emn²

2017

J Bioremediat Biodegrad

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IntroductionSelenium, first discovered in 1818, is a metalloid and chalcogen. It has multiple oxidation states, beginning with the most reduced state, namely selenate (SeO 4 2-, Se(VI)), followed by selenite (SeO 3 2-, Se(IV)), elemental selenium (Se 0 , Se(0)) and finally selenide (Se 2-). Of the selenium released into the environment, 37.5-40.6% can be ascribed to anthropogenic activities. It is released from the earth's crust by the mining of coal and various metals, oil production, use of agricultural products, as well as during the melting of non-ferrous metals [1]. Landfill ash disposal that generates toxic leachate poses a risk of groundwater contamination, which leads to the polluting of nearby water bodies [2].Selenium is mostly present in water as selenate or selenite. According to different studies, acid mine drainage waters contain selenium at concentrations ranging between 2 × 10 -4 and 6.2 × 10 -3 mM of total selenium [3]. Waste water from oil refineries in the San Francisco Bay (USA) contains relatively low concentrations of selenium of about 50-300 µg. L -1 [4]. The waste water from a selenium refinery plant in Japan contained an average of 30 mg. L -1 selenium, with the majority of the selenium present as selenite [4].The upward trend in energy production from coal, along with the burning of fossil fuels contribute to this increase in selenium release. The high concentration of these selenium oxyanions poses a problem to the environment, since they are toxic and bio-accumulate readily. In one case it was found the concentration of selenium in the apex predators (birds and humans) in the area were 2 000 times higher than in the water [4]. Elemental selenium is not soluble in water and thus has a much lower bio-availability than the oxyanions. Elemental selenium's toxicity is also much lower than that of the oxyanions [1]. AbstractBioremediation of seleniferous water is gaining more momentum, especially when it comes to bacterial reduction of the selenium oxyanions. More and more bacterial strains that are able to reduce selenium are being isolated. These bacteria need to be studied further to determine whether they are suited for industrial application. In this study, the reduction of Se(VI) to Se(0) by Pseudomonas stutzeri NT-I was examined using batch experiments with the bacteria suspended in MSM. For the determination of the optimum conditions for the growth of the bacteria, the linearized rate during the exponential phase for different conditions were compared. A pH 7, temperature of 37°C, salinity of 20 g.L -1 NaCl and initial concentration of 5 mM selenate were found to be the best at promoting growth. To determine the optimum conditions for the reduction of selenium, the amount of Se (0) recovered from the plug after 16 hours of incubation was measured. A pH of 8, temperature of 37°C and salinity of 5 g.L -1 resulted in the most Se (0) recovered. The kinetics of the reduction of Se(VI) to Se (0) was found to follow the adapted Monod equation. An increase in the initial Se(VI) concentrati...

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“…Microbial reduction might then be used to recover selenium from the aqueous phase. This technique has been extremely successful in various wastewaters, consistently removing 95-98% of the Se (Lawson and Macy, 1995;Macy et al 1993) 3.3.2. Uranium reduction Uranium contamination of soils and groundwaters has resulted from the release of wastes from mining, extraction from ores, nuclear fuel reprocessing and ammunitions manufacture.…”

Section: Dissimilatory Metal Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developments in Bioremediation of Soils and Sediments Polluted with Metals and Radionuclides – 1. Microbial Processes and Mechanisms Affecting Bioremediation of Metal Contamination and Influencing Metal Toxicity and Transport

Tabak

Lens

Hullebusch

et al. 2005

Rev Environ Sci Biotechnol

197

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Bioremediation of selenite in oil refinery wastewater

Cited by 59 publications

References 6 publications

Purification and Characterization of the Selenate Reductase from Thauera selenatis

Purification and Characterization of the Selenate Reductase from Thauera selenatis

Reduction of Selenium by Pseudomonas stutzeri Nt-I: Growth, Reduction and Kinetics

Developments in Bioremediation of Soils and Sediments Polluted with Metals and Radionuclides – 1. Microbial Processes and Mechanisms Affecting Bioremediation of Metal Contamination and Influencing Metal Toxicity and Transport

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