Bioremediation Techniques for Polluted Environment: Concept, Advantages, Limitations, and Prospects

Abstract

Environmental pollution has been rising in the past few decades due to increased anthropogenic activities. Bioremediation is an attractive and successful cleaning technique to remove toxic waste from polluted environment. Bioremediation is highly involved in degradation, eradication, immobilization, or detoxification diverse chemical wastes and physical hazardous materials from the surrounding through the all-inclusive and action of microorganisms. The main principle is degrading and converting pollutants to less toxic forms. Bioremediation can be carried out ex-situ and in-situ, depending on several factors, which include but not limited to cost, site characteristics, type, and concentration of pollutants. Hence, appropriate bioremediation technique is selected. Additionally, the major methodologies to develop bioremediation are biostimulation, bioaugmentation, bioventing, biopiles, and bioattenuation provided the environmental factors that decide the completion of bioremediation. Bioremediation is the most effective, economical, eco-friendly management tool to manage the polluted environment. All bioremediation techniques have its own advantage and disadvantage because it has its own specific applications.

Evaluate the Toxicity of Pyrethroid Insecticide Cypermethrin before and after Biodegradation by Lysinibacillus cresolivuorans Strain HIS7

“…Different concentrations of cypermethrin 95% ranging from 100 mg/L to 3500 mg/L have been studied. To examine the effect of temperature and pH on biodegrading of cypermethrin by HIS7, the different temperature degrees of (20,25,30,35,40, and 45 • C) and pH values of 3.0-11.0 were used.…”

“…The biological approach is a promising and innovative strategy used to degrade contaminants based on the catabolic activity of pesticide-degrading microbes [ 16 , 19 ]. Catalytic microbial action is responsible for the degradation, immobilization, eradication, or detoxification of wastes and hazardous materials from the surrounding environments [ 20 , 21 ]. Therefore, bioremediation is a sustainable technology that has been become the most important and dominant way for removing toxic substances from the environment [ 22 , 23 ].…”

Plastic Biodegradation: General Problems and Biotechnological Solutions

“…Biyoremediasyon mikroorganizmaların metabolik aktiviteleri sonucu kimyasal atıkların ve çevreye zararlı materyallerin etkisinin azaltılmasını ya da çevreden temizlenmesini sağlamasıdır [9]. Kimyasal atıklar, ağır metaller, pestisitler, zenobiyotikler, hidrokarbonlar, plastikler gibi sağlık ve ekoloji açısından zararlı birçok kirletici için biyoremediasyon çalışmaları gerçekleştirilmektedir [10,11].…”

Bio-Sustainable Practices for Improving Soil Health Index

“…Bioremediation is a waste management technique that includes the use of living organisms to eradicate or neutralize pollutants from a contaminated site (I. Sharma, 2020). The process involves biotransformation and biodegradation by transforming contaminants to non-hazardous or less hazardous chemicals.. Biotransformation is any alteration of the molecule or structure of a compound by micro-organisms.…”

“…The -biological‖ organisms include microscopic organisms, such as fungi, algae and bacteria, and the -remediation‖-treating the situation (I. Sharma, 2020).…”