Bioremoval of Methylene Blue from Aqueous Solutions by Green Algae (Bracteacoccus sp.) Isolated from North Jordan: Optimization, Kinetic, and Isotherm Studies

Abstract

Algae provide an alternative, sustainable, and environmentally beneficial method of dyetreatment. In this study, algae were successfully used to remove methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solutions. The effects of several parameters, such as initial concentration of MB (5–25 mg L−1), algae dosage (0.02–0.1 g mL−1), temperature (4, 20, and 30 °C), and contact time (24, 48, 72 and 84 h), on MB removal were investigated. In addition, the characterization of MB before and after treatment was achieved using UV-spectrophotometer and Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The experimental data were applied to three kinetic models, namely pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and Elvoich. Moreover, Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin–Raduskevich (D–R), and Temkin isotherm models were tested. The maximum removal efficiency of MB (~96%) was accomplished at optimum conditions at the initial concentration of MB (15 mg L−1), temperature (30 °C), and algae dosage (0.06 g mL−1) after 60 min of contact time. The removal of MB follows the pseudo-second-order kinetic model (R2 > 0.999), and the experimental data is best fitted by the Langmuir isotherm model (R2 > 0.9300).

Solid shrimp waste derived nanoporous carbon as an alternative bio-sorbent for oxytetracycline removal from aquaculture wastewater

“…C i , C e , and C t are the initial, equilibrium, and time of OTC concentrations (mg·L −1 ), respectively. V is the OTC solution volume (L), and M is the weight of adsorbent (g) [ 43 ].…”

Isolation and Identification of Green Microalgae from Northern Jordan

“…was isolated and morphologically characterized from water springs in Mafraq city in northern Jordan and applied for methylene blue bioremoval. 18 In addition, Chlorella sorokiniana isolated from Al-Fuheis wastewater treatment plant showed significant nephroprotective activity in mice as described by Al-Halaseh et al 9 Moreover, microalgae have been isolated from the Dead Sea as reported by AbuSara et al 19 The authors identified Dunaliella sp. on the southeastern shores, and its B-carotene production increased when the growth conditions were optimized to 40 mg L -1 nitrogen as NaNO3, 25 mg L -1 sulfate as MgSO 4 , and light intensity of 200 µmol s -1 m -2 .…”

Remediation of Methyl Orange Dye in Aqueous Solutions by Green Microalgae (Bracteacoccus sp.): Optimization, Isotherm, Kinetic, and Thermodynamic Studies

“…The immobilization of the Bracteacoccus sp. was accomplished based on the procedure described in a previous study [19]. In detail, a solution of sodium alginate (3%) was well mixed with a suspension of the Bracteacoccus sp.…”

“…Therefore, the decolorization of the MO solution by the Bracteacoccus sp. could occur as a result of both degradation and sorption processes (binding of the dye molecules by functional groups such as hydroxyl, carboxylate, phosphate, amino, and sulfate groups on the algal surface) [19].…”