Bioresorbable antibacterial PCL‐PLA‐nHA composite membranes for oral and maxillofacial defects

Abstract

Degradable implant membranes designed to separate hard and soft tissues and to trigger the growth of underlying bone and with antimicrobial properties are needed for the management of bone defects, ridge augmentation and to facilitate dental implants. In this study, the composite scaffolds of poly(lactic acid) (PLA), poly(caprolactone) (PCL) blended with nano hydroxyapatite and cefixime‐β cyclodextrin (Cfx‐βCD) inclusion complexes were synthesized by electrospinning. The prepared electrospun fibrous membranes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Membranes were microporous with random fibers in the range of 0.2–0.37 µm. The data from FTIR spectral analysis helped to characterize the presence of PCL, PLA, Cfx, and βCD in the electrospun membranes. In addition, the mechanical properties (i.e., elastic modulus and tensile strength) of the scaffolds were investigated. The mechanical strength and suture retention ability of the membranes was comparable to that of skin grafts. Drug release assays confirmed the slow release of Cfx from the membranes in the presence of βCD and antimicrobial studies showed that the membranes possessed antibacterial properties. The interaction of cells with membranes was evaluated by culturing them with the mouse pre‐osteoblast cell line MC3T3 and assessment of bone formation was done using Alizarin Red Assay. Culturing MC3T3 cells on the scaffolds showed that cells attached and entered the membranes and increased in number over time. In summary, these membranes are flexible, strong, bactericidal and osteogenic, which are the ideal implant properties for dental and maxillofacial surgery. POLYM. COMPOS., 40:1564–1575, 2019. © 2018 Society of Plastics Engineers

PCL/β‐AgVO3 nanocomposites obtained by solvent casting as potential antimicrobial biomaterials

“…21 PCL shows main bands located at 2947 and 2863 cm −1 , attributed to C H vibrations, 1717 cm −1 attributed to C O vibrations 47 and at 1168 cm −1 due to C O stretching. 48 The composites have the same characteristic bands as the neat PCL; however, a new absorption band could be observed at about 502 cm −1 , which intensity became stronger with increasing SV content in PCL. The presence of this new band not only confirms the presence of SV into PCL composites but also might indicate an interaction between PCL and the V O bonds in the SV surface, due to the shift in the band wavelength.…”

“…Neat SV presents two main bands, located at 774 and 457 cm −1 , attributed to VO vibrations 21 . PCL shows main bands located at 2947 and 2863 cm −1 , attributed to CH vibrations, 1717 cm −1 attributed to CO vibrations 47 and at 1168 cm −1 due to CO stretching 48 …”

Novel Nanocellulose/Polymer Composite Aerogel as Solid‐State Fluorescence Probe by Pickering Emulsion Route

“…[ 37 ] The characteristic absorption peak of PLA appears at 1750 cm −1 , corresponding to the stretching vibration of CO in PLA. [ 38 ] Notably, in the infrared spectrum of the A‐CNF/PLA‐2 composite aerogel, the characteristic absorption peaks corresponding to the above‐mentioned group were simultaneously observed, which indicates the presence of both CNF and PLA in the composite aerogel (Figure S5a, Supporting Information). Similar results were also obtained for other composite aerogels such as A‐CNF/PMMA‐2, A‐CNF/PS‐2, and A‐CNF/PC‐2 (Figure S5b–d, Supporting Information).…”

Biomimetic Aspects of Oral and Dentofacial Regeneration

“…It can serve as biomimetic multifunctional artificial periosteum, the natural layer responsible for bone regeneration [ 189 ]. Similarly, a composite scaffold with PLA, PCL blended with nanoHA, and cefixime complex was synthesized by Sharif et al with potential application in oral and maxillofacial related therapies [ 190 ].…”