Bioresorbable scaffolds for the treatment of coronary artery disease: current status and future perspective

Regenerative medicine is an emerging interdisciplinary field of scientific research that, supported by tissue engineering is, nowadays, a valuable and reliable solution dealing with the actual organs shortage and the unresolved limits of biological or prosthetic materials used in repair and replacement of diseased or damaged human tissues and organs. Due to the improvements in design and materials, and to the changing of clinical features of patients treated for valvular heart disease the distance between the ideal valve and the available prostheses has been shortened. We will then deal with the developing of new tools aiming at replacing or repair cardiac tissues that still represent an unmet clinical need for the surgeons and indeed for their patients. In the effort of improving treatment for the cardiovascular disease (CVD), scientists struggle with the lack of self-regenerative capacities of finally differentiated cardiovascular tissues. In this context, using several converging technological approaches, regenerative medicine moves beyond traditional transplantation and replacement therapies and can restore tissue impaired function. It may also play an essential role in surgery daily routine, leading to produce devices such as injectable hydrogels, cardiac patches, bioresorbable stents and vascular grafts made by increasingly sophisticated biomaterial scaffolds; tailored devices promptly fabricated according to surgeon necessity and patient anatomy and pathology will hopefully represent a daily activity in the next future. The employment of these devices, still far from the reproduction of functional organs, has the main aim to achieve a self-renewal process in damaged tissues simulating endogenous resident cell populations. In this field, the collaboration and cooperation between cardiothoracic surgeons and bioengineers appear necessary to modify these innovative devices employed in preclinical studies according to the surgeon's needs.

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“…Various biodegradable scaffolds are undergoing clinical evaluation for the treatment of coronary artery disease (89).…”

Section: Vascular Engineered Graftsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomaterials and heart recovery: cardiac repair, regeneration and healing in the MCS era: a state of the “heart”

Franco¹,

Amarelli²,

Montalto³

et al. 2018

J. Thorac. Dis.

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“…5,6 To circumvent the limitations of BMSs, drug-eluting stents (DES) based on metals coated with antiproliferative drugs (e.g., sirolimus or paclitaxel) were introduced. 7 DES was able to decrease ISR, however, the overall efficacy of DES and its long-term safety due to mechanical mismatch led to late thrombosis (LT), late restenosis, and delayed healing. 8 Despite initial patient recovery, BMSs remain permanently embedded in the arterial vessels, and can cause ISR and subacute thrombosis at a later stage.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

3D‐printed polymer nanocomposites with carbon quantum dots for enhanced properties and in situ monitoring of cardiovascular stents

Mahmud

Nasrin

Hassan

et al. 2021

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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Nanocomposites are promising for manufacturing small diameter vascular biodegradable polymer-based stents (BDPSs) to obviate frequent ordeals of in-stent restenosis and stent thrombosis by providing appropriate support for vasculature as well as tissue regeneration. Freeform (without any support), vascular-scale, small diameter (2 mm) tubular nanocomposites were fabricated using 3D printing based on fused filament fabrication (FFF). The nanocomposites were constructed using bioresorbable polylactic acid (PLA) and carbon quantum dots (CQDs). The3D-printing process of the PLA-CQD nanocomposites was optimized to deliver improved structural integrity as well as mechanical and biological properties for cardiovascular systems. The PLA-CQD composites demonstrated excellent processability, hydrophilicity, tensile strength, compressive strength, radial stability, and cell proliferation relative to pure PLA. The results show that the addition of CQDs enhances stent properties significantly, such as, composite hydrophilicity by about 25%, tensile strength by 24%, compressive strength by 66%, and cell proliferation by 50% compared to PLA alone.The results show that the combination of 3D printing with PLA-CQD nanocomposites could be a viable method to produce bioresorbable nanocomposites for cardiovasculatures with noninvasive imaging for monitoring composite condition and cell growth.

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Bioresorbable Scaffold Stability and Mechanical Properties

Ang

Bulluck

Wong

et al. 2018

Textbook of Catheter-Based Cardiovascular Interventions

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Bioresorbable scaffolds for the treatment of coronary artery disease: current status and future perspective

Cited by 8 publications

References 66 publications

Biomaterials and heart recovery: cardiac repair, regeneration and healing in the MCS era: a state of the “heart”

Biomaterials and heart recovery: cardiac repair, regeneration and healing in the MCS era: a state of the “heart”

3D‐printed polymer nanocomposites with carbon quantum dots for enhanced properties and in situ monitoring of cardiovascular stents

Bioresorbable Scaffold Stability and Mechanical Properties

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