Biosensors for chemical and biological agents of defence interest

Paddle, Brian M.

doi:10.1016/0956-5663(96)82333-5

Cited by 205 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 109 publications

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“…An obvious choice for the biological element is the enzymes Acetyl cholinesterase and Butyryl cholinesterase (AChE, BChE) , which are available commercially. The change in pH accompanying the hydrolysis of AChE, BChE has been utilized in several biosensors [48] . …”

Section: Chemical Agent Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical and Biological Warfare: Should Rapid Detection Techniques Be Researched To Dissuade Usage? A Review

Hurst¹,

Wilkins²

2005

American J. of Applied Sciences

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Chemistry, microbiology and genetic engineering have opened new doorways for the human race to propel itself to a better future. However, there is a darker side to Bioengineering. One element of this is the manufacture and proliferation of biological and chemical weapons. It is clearly in the interest of humankind to prevent the future use of such weapons of mass destruction. Though many agents have been proposed as potential biological and chemical weapons, the feasibility of these weapons is a matter of conjecture. The unpredictable and indiscriminate devastation caused by natural epidemics and hazardous chemicals during wartime without medical treatment should warn humans of the dangers of employing them as weapons. This study argues rapid detection techniques may dissuade future use. Many agents are far less toxic to treatment. A quick response time to most attacks will decrease the chances of serious health issues. The agent will be less effective and discourage the attacker from using the weapon. Fortunately, the Chemical and Biological Weapons Convention (CWCIBWC) allows defensive work in the area of biological and chemical weapons. Consequently, the review will discuss history, delivery/dispersal systems and specific agents of the warfare. The study presents current developments in biosensors for toxic materials of defense interest. It concludes with future directions for biosensor development.

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Section: Chemical Agent Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical and Biological Warfare: Should Rapid Detection Techniques Be Researched To Dissuade Usage? A Review

Hurst¹,

Wilkins²

2005

American J. of Applied Sciences

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“…The term biosensors refers generally to a small, portable and analytical device based on the combination of recognition biomolecules with an appropriate transducer, and able of detecting chemical or biological materials selectively and with a high sensitivity (Paddle, 1996). Its principle of detection is the specific binding of the analyte of interest to the complementary biorecongnition element immobilized on a suitable support medium.…”

Section: Biosensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods for Detection and Quantification of Aflatoxins

Espinosa-Calderón¹,

Contreras-Medina²,

Muñoz-Huerta³

et al. 2011

Aflatoxins - Detection, Measurement and Control

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“…In the areas of environmental protection, toxicology and drug development there are increasing demands for high-throughput functional screening methods (Rogers 1995;Paddle 1996;Ohlstein, Ruffolo et al 2000;Heck, Roy et al 2001;Croston 2002;Tzoris, Fearnside et al 2002). For monitoring of the environment, whole-cell biosensors could be more effective than physico-chemical methods to assess the global toxicity of the wide variety of chemicals that are possible pollutants (Evans, Briers et al 1986;Rogers 1995;Bousse 1996;Paddle 1996;.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxin detection based on action potential shape analysis using a realistic mathematical model of differentiated NG108-15 cells

Mohan

Molnár

Hickman

2006

Biosensors and Bioelectronics

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The NG108-15 neuroblastoma / glioma hybrid cell line has been frequently used for toxin detection, pharmaceutical screening and as a whole-cell biosensor. However, detailed analysis of its action potentials during toxin or drug administration has not been accomplished previously using patch clamp electrophysiology. In order to explore the possibility of identifying toxins based on their effect on the shape of intracellularly or extracellularly detected action potentials, we created a computer model of the action potential generation of this cell type. To generate the experimental data to validate the model, voltage dependent sodium, potassium and high-threshold calcium currents, as well as action potentials, were recorded from NG108-15 cells with conventional whole-cell patch-clamp methods. Based on the classic Hodgkin-Huxley formalism and the linear thermodynamic description of the rate constants, ion-channel parameters were estimated using an automatic fitting method. Utilizing the established parameters, action potentials were generated in the model and were optimized to represent the actual recorded action potentials to establish baseline conditions. To demonstrate the applicability of the method for toxin detection and discrimination, the effect of tetrodotoxin (a sodium channel blocker) and tefluthrin (a pyrethroid that is a sodium channel opener) were studied. The two toxins affected the shape of the action potentials differently and their respective effects were identified based on the changes in the fitted parameters. Our results represent one of the first steps to establish a complex model of NG108-15 cells for quantitative toxin detection based on action potential shape analysis of the experimental results.

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Biosensors for chemical and biological agents of defence interest

Cited by 205 publications

References 109 publications

Chemical and Biological Warfare: Should Rapid Detection Techniques Be Researched To Dissuade Usage? A Review

Chemical and Biological Warfare: Should Rapid Detection Techniques Be Researched To Dissuade Usage? A Review

Methods for Detection and Quantification of Aflatoxins

Toxin detection based on action potential shape analysis using a realistic mathematical model of differentiated NG108-15 cells

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