Biosensors in Microfluidic Chips

Abstract

A biosensor is a sensing device that incorporates a biological sensing element and a transducer to produce electrochemical, optical, mass, or other signals in proportion to quantitative information about the analytes in the given samples. The microfluidic chip is an attractive miniaturized platform with valuable advantages, e.g., low cost analysis requiring low reagent consumption, reduced sample volume, and shortened processing time. Combination of biosensors and microfluidic chips enhances analytical capability so as to widen the scope of possible applications. This review provides an overview of recent research activities in the field of biosensors integrated on microfluidic chips, focusing on the working principles, characteristics, and applicability of the biosensors. Theoretical background and applications in chemical, biological, and clinical analysis are summarized and discussed.

Rapid prototyping techniques for the fabrication of biosensors

“…In a typical microfl uidic biosensor, the analyte is introduced through an injection port and fl ows along one or more microfl uidic channels. The analyte may undergo various reactions before arriving at the actual biosensing element (Beebe et al ., 2002;Noh et al ., 2011). For examples of the types of biosensors that have been developed from microfl uidic systems, we refer the reader to Noh et al .…”

“…Rather than focusing on the specifi c physical methods behind biosensors, this chapter will focus on the role of rapid prototyping (RP) techniques in their fabrication and the technical aspects of their use. For more information we refer the reader to the following references: (Cui et al ., 2001;Drummond et al ., 2003;Cooper and Cass, 2004;Fritz, 2008;Grieshaber et al ., 2008;Noh et al ., 2011).…”

“…The use of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) is also common -most probably owing to its frequent use in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). As microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) and semiconductor fabrication processes have become more commonly used and as life-sciences research has grown, biosensors have been developed that operate on a range of different physical principles such as fl uorescence detection, impedance measurements, gravimetric detection, and plasmonic detection (Cooper and Cass, 2004;Fritz, 2008;Noh et al ., 2011). In spite of these different detection methods, all biosensors operate on a common principle.…”

Multi-channel PMMA microfluidic biosensor with integrated IDUAs for electrochemical detection

“…This is due to a number of advantages arising from the detection of biomolecules in a miniaturized system. Those include reducing sample/reagent and power consumption, providing high assay sensitivity with shorter analysis time, increasing repeatability and reliability by system automation, and rendering the integration capability for multiple processes within a single device [4]. …”

Desarrollo de superficies nanoestructuradas para biosensores ópticos y sensores biomiméticos

“…En este sentido, una de las herramientas analíticas más potentes y eficaces son los biosensores, [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] con aplicaciones tan variadas y relevantes como las siguientes:…”