Biosensors toward behavior detection in diagnosis of alzheimer’s disease

Abstract

In recent years, a huge number of individuals all over the world, elderly people, in particular, have been suffering from Alzheimer’s disease (AD), which has had a significant negative impact on their quality of life. To intervene early in the progression of the disease, accurate, convenient, and low-cost detection technologies are gaining increased attention. As a result of their multiple merits in the detection and assessment of AD, biosensors are being frequently utilized in this field. Behavioral detection is a prospective way to diagnose AD at an early stage, which is a more objective and quantitative approach than conventional neuropsychological scales. Furthermore, it provides a safer and more comfortable environment than those invasive methods (such as blood and cerebrospinal fluid tests) and is more economical than neuroimaging tests. Behavior detection is gaining increasing attention in AD diagnosis. In this review, cutting-edge biosensor-based devices for AD diagnosis together with their measurement parameters and diagnostic effectiveness have been discussed in four application subtopics: body movement behavior detection, eye movement behavior detection, speech behavior detection, and multi-behavior detection. Finally, the characteristics of behavior detection sensors in various application scenarios are summarized and the prospects of their application in AD diagnostics are presented as well.

Assessing Alzheimer’s Therapeutic Environment Digitally through a People with Alzheimer’s’ Disease Perspective: A Computation-Based Approach Framework

“…The wearable sensors have a dual use: (1) to detect the motion and movements of PWAD and (2) to collect physiological data, including blood pressure, heart rate, body temperature, etc. The wearable biosensors/sensorsbased monitoring motions include vast choices, for instance, feet-and waist-mounted inertial sensors, ankle-mounted accelerometer sensors, wrist-mounted accelerometers, and leg-mounted force sensors [10,51]. The selection of the wearable sensors depends on the resident's acceptance and which type will be comfortable and not cause anxiety to the resident.…”

“…IoT technology-based monitoring systems provide an opportunity to support PWAD [9]. Such systems enhance the quality of life of PWAD and reduce caregivers' burden and healthcare costs while maintaining patient safety [4,10]. Analyzing continuously monitored data using machine learning and artificial intelligence (AI) [11,12] can deliver accurate long-term evaluations and produce valuable information about the actions and routines of PWAD.…”

A Review on Integrated ZnO-Based SERS Biosensors and Their Potential in Detecting Biomarkers of Neurodegenerative Diseases

“…In terms of biosensing, great progress was made by the behavior detection biosensors that can predict or diagnose the onset of NDs, such as AD, by a non-invasively monitoring body motion, eye movement, speech, or even multifunctional indicators at home, at the desk, or in clinical setting [112]. Multi-sensor-based intelligent home monitoring or wearable devices able to track body functions relevant for ND prognosis seem to be the future trend in wellbeing and mental healthcare.…”

“…body motion, eye movement, speech, or even multifunctional indicators at home, at the desk, or in clinical setting [112]. Multi-sensor-based intelligent home monitoring or wearable devices able to track body functions relevant for ND prognosis seem to be the future trend in wellbeing and mental healthcare.…”

“…It is difficult to sense by traditional means due to its versatile and dynamic conformation that is specific to the predominant polyproline II helix (PPII). By monitoring the amide I region, it is possible to distinguish between α-helices (1650-1656 cm −1 ), β sheets (1664-1670 cm −1 ), and desk, or in clinical setting [112]. Multi-sensor-based intelligent home monitoring or wearable devices able to track body functions relevant for ND prognosis seem to be the future trend in wellbeing and mental healthcare.…”