Biosocial Strategies to Address the Socioeconomic Determinants and Consequences of the TB and COVID-19 Pandemics

Pedrazzoli, Debora; Wingfield, Tom

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.20-1641

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…[10][11][12][13] The COVID-19 pandemic has brought the socioeconomic determinants, and consequences, of health into sharp relief. 14 Disadvantaged populations have higher COVID-19 infection rates and higher death rates than their more privileged counterparts, so unmitigated epidemics could hit these populations hardest. 15 16 Overcrowded housing, heightened stress, chronic comorbidities and inability to socially distance are major drivers of COVID-19 infection and disease severity, and often unavoidable for those without adequate resources.…”

Section: Bmj Global Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring equity in health and poverty impacts of control measures for SARS-CoV-2 in six countries

et al. 2021

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BackgroundPolicy makers need to be rapidly informed about the potential equity consequences of different COVID-19 strategies, alongside their broader health and economic impacts. While there are complex models to inform both potential health and macro-economic impact, there are few tools available to rapidly assess potential equity impacts of interventions.MethodsWe created an economic model to simulate the impact of lockdown measures in Pakistan, Georgia, Chile, UK, the Philippines and South Africa. We consider impact of lockdown in terms of ability to socially distance, and income loss during lockdown, and tested the impact of assumptions on social protection coverage in a scenario analysis.ResultsIn all examined countries, socioeconomic status (SES) quintiles 1–3 were disproportionately more likely to experience income loss (70% of people) and inability to socially distance (68% of people) than higher SES quintiles. Improving social protection increased the percentage of the workforce able to socially distance from 48% (33%–60%) to 66% (44%–71%). We estimate the cost of this social protection would be equivalent to an average of 0.6% gross domestic product (0.1% Pakistan–1.1% Chile).ConclusionsWe illustrate the potential for using publicly available data to rapidly assess the equity implications of social protection and non-pharmaceutical intervention policy. Social protection is likely to mitigate inequitable health and economic impacts of lockdown. Although social protection is usually targeted to the poorest, middle quintiles will likely also need support as they are most likely to suffer income losses and are disproportionately more exposed.

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Section: Bmj Global Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring equity in health and poverty impacts of control measures for SARS-CoV-2 in six countries

et al. 2021

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“…In 2021, the WHO estimated that about 10.6 million people were suffering from TB globally [ 3 ]; about 1.6 million people died from it that year [ 4 ]. TB-associated high morbidity and mortality were more likely to be seen in vulnerable populations in low- and middle-income countries [ 4 , 5 ]. Therefore, to lower the global burden of TB, the WHO and the United Nations (UN)introduced the WHO End TB Strategy (2016–2035), aiming for a 50% reduction of incidence rate by 2025 [ 6 ] and making Sustainable Development Goal 3 stopping the spread of TB by 2030 [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Barriers and facilitators of implementing electronic monitors to improve adherence and health outcomes in tuberculosis patients: protocol for a systematic review based on the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research

Li,

Su,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Health Res Policy Sys

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Background Tuberculosis (TB) has been regarded as ‘a relentless scourge’, increasing morbidity and mortality and burdening vulnerable populations. Poor adherence to TB treatment and ineffective traditional interventions hinders TB control. A novel TB approach called ‘electronic monitors’, equipping medication boxes with daily audio or visual reminders for electronically monitoring medication intake, seems promising in improving adherence and health outcomes and overcoming the weaknesses of traditional interventions. However, no review has systematically examined and synthesized the influencing factors of implementing electronic monitors. Implementation research offers the means to analyse the influencing factors of the implementation and its process, fitting well with the aim of this review. Therefore, the widely recognized Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), which offers a common taxonomy for evaluating intervention implementation, will be adopted to systematically identify barriers and facilitators of the electronic monitors for improving adherence and health outcomes in patients with TB. Methods and analysis The systematic review will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Literature research will be conducted in five electronic databases (Ovid MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and Web of Science) to identify the barriers and facilitators of implementing electronic monitors in patients with TB. The CFIR will be used as a guide for categorizing and synthesizing the barriers and facilitators. Study screening, data extraction, quality appraisal and data analysis will be conducted by two independent reviewers. The use of additional reviewers will solve any disagreements between the two reviewers. Discussion Given the increased prominence of TB epidemiology and the adherence problem of electronic monitors, there is a solid rationale for synthesizing the existing studies via the CFIR. The findings and conclusion of this review will lay bare the achievements and effectiveness of implementing electronic monitors, as well as the attendant gaps and limitations. Further strategies for facilitating the implementation of electronic monitors will also be explored. This review will be of essential significance for research and practice, supporting future academic research initiatives centred on patients with TB and aiding electronic monitor design in lowering the morbidity and mortality associated with TB disease. Trial registration number: PROSPERO: CRD42023395747.

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“…La pandemia de COVID-19 tiene factores de riesgo comunes con los de una mala evolución de la TB y ha causado un aumento de la pobreza, la desnutrición, la carga de trastornos de salud mental y la estigmatización asociada a las medidas de distanciamiento social (14). Además, la interrupción de los servicios durante la pandemia ha puesto de relieve la necesidad de enfoques integrados y centrados en las personas, y de implementar modelos de atención mejorados y basados en la evidencia (15).…”

Section: Introducción Antecedentes Y Fundamentosunclassified

Marco para la acción colaborativa sobre la tuberculosis y sus comorbilidades

2023

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Abordar las comorbilidades y los factores de riesgo de la tuberculosis (TB) es un componente clave del primer pilar de la Estrategia Fin de la TB, que se centra en la atención integrada centrada en el paciente y en la prevención, incluida la acción sobre la tuberculosis y las comorbilidades. Este marco tiene como objetivo apoyar a los países en la introducción y ampliación de servicios holísticos centrados en las personas para la TB, las comorbilidades y los factores de riesgo relacionados con la salud. El marco está organizado en las siguientes cinco secciones, en las que se indican las actividades clave para expandir la acción colaborativa sobre la TB y sus comorbilidades: a) fortalecer la gobernanza y la rendición de cuentas para la acción colaborativa, b) realizar un análisis del acceso a los servicios de calidad para la TB y sus comorbilidades, c) coordinar la planificación y la movilización de recursos para la acción colaborativa, d) implementar y ampliar los servicios centrados en las personas para la TB y sus comorbilidades, y e) fortalecer el seguimiento, la evaluación y la investigación. El marco se dirige a las personas que trabajan en los ministerios de salud, otros ministerios competentes, los equipos responsables de la formulación de políticas, las organizaciones internacionales técnicas y de financiamiento, los equipos de investigación, las organizaciones no gubernamentales y de la sociedad civil, así como el personal de atención primaria, profesionales de salud especializados y agentes de salud comunitarios que apoyan la respuesta a la TB y las comorbilidades tanto en el sector público como en el privado.

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Biosocial Strategies to Address the Socioeconomic Determinants and Consequences of the TB and COVID-19 Pandemics

Abstract: Biosocial Strategies to Address the Socioeconomic Determinants and Consequences of the TB and COVID-19 Syndemics

Cited by 7 publications

References 29 publications

Exploring equity in health and poverty impacts of control measures for SARS-CoV-2 in six countries

Exploring equity in health and poverty impacts of control measures for SARS-CoV-2 in six countries

Barriers and facilitators of implementing electronic monitors to improve adherence and health outcomes in tuberculosis patients: protocol for a systematic review based on the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research

Marco para la acción colaborativa sobre la tuberculosis y sus comorbilidades

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