Biosolids and Sludge Management

Parker, Wayne; Laha, Shonali

doi:10.2175/106143004x142077

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…The term ''biosolids'' originally referred to colloidal cellular material produced during biological (secondary) treatment of wastewater, and was prevalent in water treatment literature from at least as early as the mid 1960s (Gates et al 1967). In the early 1990s, however, ''biosolids'' was redefined and gained widespread use as a less objectionable term for treated sewage sludge deemed acceptable for land application, in order to emphasize the distinction between such material and untreated sludge (e.g., Gates et al 1967, EPA 1989, Parker and Laha 2004. In this study, biosolids were added and incorporated by mechanical subsoiling, which then resulted in a homogeneous distribution of the applied material through the 0-20 cm layer (see Plate 1).…”

Section: Study Sites and Restoration Chronosequencementioning

confidence: 99%

Iron‐mediated stabilization of soil carbon amplifies the benefits of ecological restoration in degraded lands

Silva

Doane

Corrêa

et al. 2015

Ecological Applications

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Recent observations across a 14-year restoration chronosequence have shown an unexpected accumulation of soil organic carbon in strip-mined areas of central Brazil. This was attributed to the rapid plant colonization that followed the incorporation of biosolids into exposed regoliths, but the specific mechanisms involved in the stabilization of carbon inputs from the vegetation remained unclear. Using isotopic and elemental analyses, we tested the hypothesis that plant-derived carbon accumulation was triggered by the formation of iron-coordinated complexes, stabilized into physically protected (occluded) soil fractions. Confirming this hypothesis, we identified a fast formation of microaggregates shortly after the application of iron-rich biosolids, which was characterized by a strong association between pyrophosphate-extractable iron and plant-derived organic matter. The formation of microaggregates preceded the development of macroaggregates, which drastically increased soil carbon content (-140 Mg C/ha) a few years after restoration. Consistent with previous theoretical work, iron-coordinated organic complexes served as nuclei for aggregate formation, reflecting the synergistic effect of biological, chemical, and physical mechanisms of carbon stabilization in developing soils. Nevertheless, iron was not the only factor affecting soil carbon content. The highest carbon accumulation was observed during the period of highest plant diversity (> 30 species; years 3-6), declining significantly with the exclusion of native species by invasive grasses (years 9-14). Furthermore, the increasing dominance of invasive grasses was associated with a steady decline in the concentration of soil nitrogen and phosphorus per unit of accumulated carbon. These results demonstrate the importance of interdependent ecological and biogeochemical processes, and the role of soil-plant interactions in determining the success of restoration efforts. In contrast with previous but unsuccessful attempts to restore mined areas through nutrient application alone, iron-mediated stabilization of vegetation inputs favored the regeneration of a barren stable state that had persisted for over five decades since disturbance. The effectiveness of coupled organic matter and iron "fertilization," combined with management of invasive species, has the possibility to enhance terrestrial carbon sequestration and accelerate the restoration of degraded lands, while addressing important challenges associated with urban waste disposal.

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Section: Study Sites and Restoration Chronosequencementioning

confidence: 99%

Iron‐mediated stabilization of soil carbon amplifies the benefits of ecological restoration in degraded lands

Silva

Doane

Corrêa

et al. 2015

Ecological Applications

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“…When considering sludge treatment, in order to improve the stabilization rate and energy reclamation, waste activated sludge can be conveniently pretreated prior to being stabilized through an anaerobic digestion process; pretreatment techniques proposed in recent years are based on chemical, physical, and biological processes or combinations of those. , Recently, biological pretreatments have received particular attention for industrial applications because of their efficiency and relatively low investment. A particular kind of biological pretreatment is the application of a hydrolysis step before methanization, realizing a two-step anaerobic digestion process where the two stages generally operate at different temperatures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-Phase Anaerobic Digestion of Waste Activated Sludge: Effect of an Extreme Thermophilic Prefermentation

Bolzonella¹,

Zanette²,

Cecchi³

2007

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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This paper deals with the application of a two-phase anaerobic digestion process where the first phase operates at extreme thermophilic conditions (70 °C). The first reactor was fed with waste activated sludge and operated continuously at a hydraulic retention time of 1, 2, 3, and 5 days. Pretreated sludge was characterized by high concentrations of soluble COD (30−40% of the influent particulate COD) and VFA contents. Acetate, propionate, and isovalerate were the main compounds detected. The kinetic constant for the hydrolysis process was determined in 0.17 day-1. Batch tests for the following anaerobic digestion and biogas production showed how the pretreated sludge determined better performances in terms of biogas production. The gas production showed increases in the range 30−50% for pretreatments of 2−3 days compared to the mesophilic and thermophilic single-stage tests. A calculation for a 100 000 people equivalent wastewater treatment plant showed that the increased biogas production allowed maintenance of the thermophilic conditions in both the first and second stages of a two-phase process and recovery of the investment costs in some 3−4 years.

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Process Selection of Biosolids Management Systems

Shammas

Wang

2008

Biosolids Engineering and Management

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Biosolids and Sludge Management

Abstract: This review section covers journal articles and conference papers related to biosolids and sludge management that were published in 2003. The literature review has been divided into the following sections:•Regulations and biosolids management planning,

Cited by 5 publications

References 84 publications

Iron‐mediated stabilization of soil carbon amplifies the benefits of ecological restoration in degraded lands

Iron‐mediated stabilization of soil carbon amplifies the benefits of ecological restoration in degraded lands

Two-Phase Anaerobic Digestion of Waste Activated Sludge: Effect of an Extreme Thermophilic Prefermentation

Process Selection of Biosolids Management Systems

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