Biosorption of heavy metals from aqueous solutions by Parkia biglobosa biomass: Equilibrium, kinetics, and thermodynamic studies

Abstract

The adsorption capacities of Parkia biglobosa chaff biomass (PBC) and Parkia biglobosa pulp biomass (PBP) for Cr(III), Cd(II), Ni(II), and Pb(II) ions were studied. Experimental data suggested the highest monolayer sorption capacities of PBC and PBP, q maxL at equilibrium to be 170.07 mg/g at pH 7.0 and 324.68 mg/g at pH 6.0, for the uptake of Cr(III) ions, respectively. The minimum adsorption capacities obtained by PBC and PBP were 60.72 mg/g for Ni(II) and 16.70 mg/g for Cd(II) at pH value of 2.0, respectively. Pseudosecond order kinetic model fits the all experimental data best, suggesting that the entire adsorption processes might have occurred by chemisorption mechanism. Thermodynamic data indicated that the adsorption of various metal ions by PBC and PBP was endothermic, with increase in disorderliness of the system. The Gibb's free energy values for the uptake of Cr(III), Cd(II) and Ni(II) ions by PBC indicated the spontaneity of the processes. Moreover, the Gibb's free energy values for the uptake of Pb(II) ion by PBC depicted the non spontaneity of the processes. Also, Gibb's free energy values for the adsorption of various metal ions by PBP depicted the spontaneity of the processes.

Composite of biomass and lead resistent Aspergillus oryzae for highly efficient aqueous phase Pb(II) adsorption

“…The effect of the initial pH on different biosorbent removal for Pb 21 ions were shown in Figure 4. On the other hand, at low pH, the large amount of H 1 compete for active adsorption sites with Pb 21 ions, which also led to the decline of the removal rate of Pb 21 [19][20][21]. The removal rate reached its peak when the initial pH range was 5.5-6.0, and remained virtually unchanged when the pH was above a value of 4.0.…”

“…On the one hand, low pH impacts the protonation of proton-active functional group sites on the biosorbent surface, which impede biosorption of cations. On the other hand, at low pH, the large amount of H 1 compete for active adsorption sites with Pb 21 ions, which also led to the decline of the removal rate of Pb 21 [19][20][21]. In principle, the adsorption capacity of biosorbents for heavy metal ions mainly dependent on their active groups like hydroxyl, carboxyl, amidogen, etc., which have been reported by Bl azquez et al [22] and Ofomaja et al [23].…”

Adsorption and desorption kinetics of toxic organic and inorganic ions using an indigenous biomass: Terminalia ivorensis seed waste

“…Also, the endothermic heat flows led to the association of some chemical bonds to form small molecules such as CO, CO 2 , NH 3 , etc. [20,21,25,58]. The SEM micrographs of TISW show tiny irregular, scattered and spaced fibrils of the lignocelluloses that are contained in the cell walls that comprise lumped particles of unconnected and broken walls.…”

“…It is noteworthy to mention here that the increase in the initial concentration of sorbate ions led to the corresponding increase in their uptakes, as they occupied the functional moieties on the surface of TISW. The binding of these solute ions to these functional moieties in the active sites occurred in quick successions until they were occupied [25,29].…”

“…In recent times, natural or modified biomaterials (biosorbents and agricultural byproducts), which comprise lignin, cellulose, hemicelluloses and other organic compounds that have various functional moieties, have been found to be ubiquitous, easily sourced, cheap, green, sustainable and good adsorbents for clean recovery of toxic synthetic dyes and metals [9]. Some researchers in their previous treatises have used eucalyptus seeds [9], peanut hulls [11], corn cob [12], almond shell, hazelnut shell [13], olive cake [14], mungbean husk [15], mango peel waste [16], orange waste [17], Scolymus hispanicus L. [18], chemically modified orange peel [19], Nauclea diderrichii seed biomass [20,21], Zea mays seed chaff [22], Mesoporous SiO 2 /graphene oxide nanoparticles-modified Nauclea diderrichii seed biomass [23,24], Parkia biglobosa biomass [25], Papaya-clay combo [26], MnO 2 nanoparticles-modified Nauclea diderrichii biomass waste [27], TiO 2 nanoparticlesmodified Nauclea diderrichii seed biomass [28], Pentaclethra macrophylla and Malacantha alnifolia barks [29]. Other researchers in the literature used other adsorbent and techniques to treat wastewaters in addition to adsorption .…”