“…This was most likely caused by RY2 molecules saturating active biosorption sites on the biomass surface. Other investigations on the sorption of dyes onto Chlorella pyrenoidosa , [13] immobilized Neurospora sitophilia , [14] Agaricus campestris [15] reported comparable findings. Additionally, our results demonstrated that the immobilization process considerably improved the dye biosorption efficiency of TEC.…”
The waste biomass of grape pomace was utilized for the immobilization of model fungal cells (Thamnidium elegans) providing a green, innovative, and practical biocomposite for efficient biodecolorization of a model reactive dye (Reactive Yellow 2). Appreciable decolorization capacity at optimized conditions was observed as qmax=151.0 mg g‐1 with the suggested biocomposite (TECWGP). During the batch process, the biocomposite exhibited the highest dye removal of 98.57 % in the RY2‐contaminated solutions. The biosorptive decolorization process was the best predicted by the Langmuir isotherm and the pseudo‐second‐order kinetic models. The possible interactions between RY2 and TECWGP were also examined. Synthetic wastewater treatment experiments indicated that TECWGP has a good decolorization potential. Overall, the findings indicated that TECWGP could be a good alternative to synthetic materials for the treatment of reactive dye‐contaminated aqueous phase. Furthermore, the utilization of agro‐industrial waste to support fungal cells contributes to the growth of a solid circular bio‐based economy.
“…This was most likely caused by RY2 molecules saturating active biosorption sites on the biomass surface. Other investigations on the sorption of dyes onto Chlorella pyrenoidosa , [13] immobilized Neurospora sitophilia , [14] Agaricus campestris [15] reported comparable findings. Additionally, our results demonstrated that the immobilization process considerably improved the dye biosorption efficiency of TEC.…”
The waste biomass of grape pomace was utilized for the immobilization of model fungal cells (Thamnidium elegans) providing a green, innovative, and practical biocomposite for efficient biodecolorization of a model reactive dye (Reactive Yellow 2). Appreciable decolorization capacity at optimized conditions was observed as qmax=151.0 mg g‐1 with the suggested biocomposite (TECWGP). During the batch process, the biocomposite exhibited the highest dye removal of 98.57 % in the RY2‐contaminated solutions. The biosorptive decolorization process was the best predicted by the Langmuir isotherm and the pseudo‐second‐order kinetic models. The possible interactions between RY2 and TECWGP were also examined. Synthetic wastewater treatment experiments indicated that TECWGP has a good decolorization potential. Overall, the findings indicated that TECWGP could be a good alternative to synthetic materials for the treatment of reactive dye‐contaminated aqueous phase. Furthermore, the utilization of agro‐industrial waste to support fungal cells contributes to the growth of a solid circular bio‐based economy.
“…The percentage of immobilized dead bacteria NIPa, NIBs, and NIRp beads also had a lower percentage compared to the removal of each live bacterium, with final concentrations of 21.16, 32.46, and 17.97 mg/L, respectively. This variation was due to the biosorption properties of live bacteria, which contributed to the adsorption of MO when entering the beads [ 39 ]. Fig.…”
“…During biosorption, pollutant removal is ensured by different transport and equilibrium processes (surface and interfacial phenomena, absorption, adsorption, or ion exchange) [ 17 , 18 ]. Inactive microbial biomass, such as bacteria, fungi, and algae, can be used as efficient biosorbents in the removal of pollutants, especially dyes from wastewater [ 16 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ]. The literature presents considerable research related to the removal of dyes from aqueous solutions by adsorption/biosorption, but most of them are in a static operating regime, which limits their application to industrial effluents.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In a dynamic regime, biosorption refers to the use of biosorbents in a continuous flow system, where the liquid or gas containing the pollutants is passed through an equipment that contains biological material and the pollutants are sorbed onto the biosorbent as the liquid or gas flows through the column [ 27 , 28 , 29 ]. The effectiveness of this process depends on several factors, including the type of biosorbent used, the flow rate of the liquid or gas, the concentration and composition of the pollutants, and the contact time between the pollutants and the biosorbent [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 19 , 24 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ]. The advantages of biosorption in a dynamic regime include: low cost, high efficiency, and ability to remove a wide range of pollutants.…”
The use of residual microbial biomass from various industries in emerging pollutant removal strategies represents a new area of research in the field. In this case, we examined how to remove reactive dyes from an aqueous solution utilizing a biosorbent made of residual biomass from immobilized Saccharomyces pastorianus (S. pastorianus) in a polymer matrix using a dynamic system. Fluidized bed column biosorption investigations were carried out on a laboratory scale. Brilliant Red HE-3B was chosen as the target molecule. The main parameters considered for this purpose were the flow rate (4.0 mL/min; 6.1 mL/min), initial pollutant concentration (51.2 mg/L; 77.84 mg/L), and biosorbent mass (16 g; 20 g). The experimental data of the fluidized bed study were evaluated by mathematical modeling. The Yoon–Nelson, Bohart–Adams, Clark, and Yan models were investigated for an appropriate correlation with the experimental data. An acceptable fit was obtained for a flow rate of 4 mL/min, an initial pollutant concentration of 51.2 mg/L, and a biosorbent amount of 20 g. The obtained results indicate that the biosorbent can be used efficiently in a dynamic system both for the removal of the studied dye and in extended operations with a continuous flow of wastewater. As a conclusion, the investigated biocomposite material can be considered a viable biosorbent for testing in the removal of reactive dyes from aqueous environments and creates the necessary conditions for the extension of studies toward the application of these types of biosorbents in the treatment of industrial effluents loaded with organic dyes.
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