Biosorption of synthetic dyes (Direct Red 89 and Reactive Green 12) as an ecological refining step in textile effluent treatment

Abstract

With the use of cost-effective natural materials, biosorption is considered as an ecological tool that is applied worldwide for the remediation of pollution. In this study, we proposed Lemna gibba biomass (LGB), a lignocellulosic sorbent material, for the removal of two textile dyes, Direct Red 89 (DR-89) and Reactive Green 12 (RG-12). These azo dyes commonly used in dying operations of natural and synthetic fibres are the most important pollutants produced in textile industry effluents. For this purpose, batch biosorption experiments were carried out to assess the efficacy of LGB on dye treatment by evaluating the effect of contact time, biomass dosage, and initial dye concentration. The results indicated that the bioremoval efficiency of 5 mg L(-1) DR-89 and RG-12 reached approximately 100 % after 20 min of the exposure time; however, the maximum biosorption of 50 mg L(-1) DR-89 and 15 mg L(-1) RG-12 was determined to be about 60 and 47 %, respectively. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy used to explain the sorption mechanism showed that the functional groups of carboxylic acid and hydroxyl played a major role in the retention of these pollutants on the biomass surface. The modelling results using Freundlich, Langmuir, Temkin, Elovich, and Dubini Radushkevich (D-R) isotherms demonstrated that the DR-89 biosorption process was better described with the Langmuir theory (R (2) =0.992) while the RG-12 biosorption process fitted well by the D-R isotherm equation (R (2) =0.988). The maximum biosorption capacity was found to be 20.0 and 115.5 mg g(-1) for DR-89 and RG-12, respectively, showing a higher ability of duckweed biomass for the bioremoval of the green dye. The thermodynamic study showed that the dye biosorption was a spontaneous and endothermic process. The efficacy of using duckweed biomass for the bioremoval of the two dyes was limited to concentrations ≤50 mg L(-1), indicating that L. gibba biomass may be suitable in the refining step of textile effluent treatment.

Simultaneous biosorption of the two synthetic dyes, Direct Red 89 and Reactive Green 12 using nonliving macrophyte L. gibba L.

“…The biosorbent material, used without any pretreatment, consisted of Lemna gibba biomas (LGB). The protocol of prepared biosorbent was well previously described by Guendouz et al [20].…”

Synthesis of an inorganic‐framework molecularly imprinted Fe‐doped TiO2 composite and its selective photo‐Fenton‐like degradation of acid orange II

“…Unfortunately, these dyes are stable and are resistant to degradation, which usually makes the dye‐containing wastewater difficult to treat . In recent decades, effective effluent treatment methods, which emanate from these industries, have been actively researched . Thus far, different techniques, such as ion exchange, coagulation/flocculation, adsorption, and membrane filtration, have been successfully developed and applied for the removal of dyes in dye‐containing wastewater .…”

“…3 In recent decades, effective effluent treatment methods, which emanate from these industries, have been actively researched. 4,5 Thus far, different techniques, such as ion exchange, coagulation/flocculation, adsorption, and membrane filtration, have been successfully developed and applied for the removal of dyes in dye-containing wastewater. 6,7 The adsorption process is one of the most reliable alternatives for the removal of dyes from wastewater because of its high efficiency, ease of operation, and the availability of many adsorbents.…”

Preparation of activated carbon from Alligator weed ( Alternenthera philoxeroids ) and its application for tartrazine removal: Isotherm, kinetics and spectroscopic analysis

“…Industries such as food, 13 cosmetics, textiles, paper, rubber, and plastics are main consumers 14 of dyestuffs [2]. Due to their complex aromatic structure and 15 molecular size, dyes are resistant to photo-catalytic, thermal and 16 biological degradation. Colored effluents are highly visible even in 17 small concentration and seriously affect the aesthetic quality and 18 transparency of water bodies, damaging the aquatic ecosystem [3].…”

“…The 31 main drawbacks associated with these processes are high cost, low 32 efficiency, limited versatility, and generation of sludge. Adsorption 33 of dyes on efficient solid biomass support represents a simple and 34 economically viable cleaning technology for color removal 35 especially, where the sorbents are inexpensive and easily available 36 [15]. More importantly, it imparts no side effect or toxicity to the 37 water and this account for the superior removal of organic 38 contaminants as compared to conventional treatments [16].…”