Biossíntese e recentes avanços na produção de celulose bacteriana

Abstract

The present paper discusses the recent advances about the biosynthesis and production of bacterial cellulose (BC), from gram-negative, aerobic and acetic acid Gluconcetobacter xylinus (Gx). The BC differs from his vegetal pair, mainly due his feature of nanometric fibers, as opposed to micrometric feature of vegetal cellulose, are extruded through the cellular wall of Gx, thereby the macroscopic structure of BC is mechanically and physically more resistant, open big opportunities of biological and technological applications, apart from that obtained by vegetal cellulose. The actual challenge is in the grown of production of BC, which deals a superior understanding of his biosynthesis, to makes possible a later genetic-biochemical manipulation derived from recent advances in molecular biology. Are related works using the BC for production of composites and also what is being done of more actual with this biological material.

Microbial Nanocellulose Biotextiles for a Circular Materials Economy

“…Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra of microbial cellulose textiles before (MC) and after lecithin tanning (LT). Inset: schematic depiction of proposed cross-linking mechanism with phosphate, methylene and carboxyl group bridges (left to right) for LT. 9); indigo after one (9), three (10) and six (11) dips; (12) brown color removed by 0.5 M NaOH soak; black created by chemical interaction of tannic acid from black tea with iron acetate, extracted from discarded nails (13); and myrobalan overdyed with logwood and dipped in iron acetate (14); (15)(16) as-fabricated MC treated with texture created by application of soy wax heated to 80C. Control of color modulation through: Shibori/Adire folding techniques (17); and partial submergence of biotextile in indigo vat (18).…”

“…Importantly, MC can offer a rapidly renewable raw material for textiles while eliminating the land, water and chemicals usage of production of agricultural (13) and wood pulp cellulose (14). For instance, the amount of cellulose produced by eucalyptus in a 10,000 m 2 area of land over 7 years could be achieved at higher purity by microbial fermentation in a 500 m 3 bioreactor in 22 days (15). However, like many naturally occurring biopolymers, including the aforementioned biobased leather alternatives, the hygroscopicity of as-fabricated MC results in a brittleness that hinders translation to textile applications (16).…”

Biosynthesis and Characterization of Bacterial Cellulose From the Kombucha Tea

“…A celulose vegetal pode ser classificada como um biopolímero, por se tratar de um polímero extraído de fontes naturais renováveis (PEREIRA et al, 2013;AIROLDI et al, 2008). Além disso, é o polímero natural mais abundante do planeta, sendo um dos constituintes da maior parte da biomassa das plantas, situado na parede celular vegetal (DONINI et al, 2010).…”

“…Uma alternativa é a síntese de celulose por meio de bactérias. A celulose bacteriana, em oposição à celulose vegetal, não apresenta contaminação pelos polissacarídeos lignina e hemicelulose, tornando os métodos de isolamento destes desnecessários, possibilitando a economia de energia envolvida nos processos e descartando tratamentos químicos mais complexos (DONINI et al, 2010).…”

Bacterial Cellulose Production by Komagataeibacter hansenii ATCC 23769 Using Sisal Juice - An Agroindustry Waste

“…However, only in 2003, after the patents arising from this study were licensed to the Xylos Corporation, the XCell® product started to be manufactured and comercialized for the treatment of wounds (Sindhu et al, 2014). In Brazil, the main producer of cellulose membranes for treatment of wounds and skin burns is the company Bionext Biotechnological Products Ltd. (Donini et al, 2010). Besides Brazil, there are several companies in Canada, the United States and Japan, manufacturing e selling BC products for biomedical purposes (Sindhu et al, 2014).…”