Biosurfactants Production Using Permeate from Whey Ultrafiltration and Bioproduct Recovery by Membrane Separation Process

Abstract

The management of whey is a challenge for dairy products where the volume produced is remarkable. This problem is minimized through membrane separation processes (MSP) to obtain whey protein concentrate, which has high added value. However, a permeate effluent stream is still generated that is composed of lactose, vitamins, and minerals, which can serve as raw material for the production of biotechnological compounds. Thus, this study aimed to produce biosurfactants using the permeate from whey ultrafiltration as part of the culture media of the bioprocess, to recover the biosurfactant produced using MSP, and to identify the biocompound. The production was carried out using Bacillus methylotrophicus and Bacillus pumilus. The variables nitrogen source (urea or ammonium sulfate), nitrogen source concentration (0.5% or 1.0%), inducer (soybean oil or biodiesel), inducer concentration (1% or 2%), and the addition of micronutrients (with our without) were studied using a fractional factorial experimental design 2 5-1 IV . In the fermentation processes, it was possible to verify the biosurfactant production through the reduction of surface tension, obtaining a minimum value of 35.07 mN/m for B. methylotrophicus and 26.02 mN/m for B. pumilus. Recovery via MSP was an efficient strategy for biosurfactant purification, which was concentrated in the fraction of the retentate. We produced a high-value-added biocompound identified as surfactin, valuing the permeate residue from whey ultrafiltration.Results of mean AE standard deviation. Equal letters in the same column indicate that they did not present a significant difference at the 95% confidence level. RBC, relation between final and initial biomass concentration; RST, relation between initial and final surface tension; T, treatment. J Surfact DetergJ Surfact Deterg (2020) 23: 539-551Equal letters in the same column and for each microorganism indicate that they did not present a significant difference at the 95% confidence level. MSP, membrane separation processes. 547 J Surfact Deterg J Surfact Deterg (2020) 23: 539-551

A comprehensive review on production of bio-surfactants by bio-degradation of waste carbohydrate feedstocks: an approach towards sustainable development

“…89 Several researches have been reported by a number of researchers on rhamnolipid production by Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains 87,90–92 and lipopeptide production by Bacillus spp. 93–95 using whey waste as substrate.…”