Biosynthesis and Biotechnology of Seed Lipids Including Sterols, Carotenoids and Tocochromanols

Meyer, Knut; Kinney, Anthony J.

doi:10.1007/978-90-481-2863-1_19

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 219 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Hymowitz et al [42] studied 60 soybean lines and found that sucrose had a positive and negative correlation with oil and protein, respectively, which was consistent with their patterns observed against plant K concentration in this study (Figure 7). The enzymes phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase and pyruvate kinase play important role in the carbon partitioning form sucrose to protein and oil of developing seeds, which is most likely influenced by the ratio of available amino acids and soluble carbohydrates [26] [43]. The lower sucrose concentration under K deficiency was accompanied by accumulation of simple sugars glucose, fructose, and ribose, and sugar alcohols, which agreed with the observations made under P deficiency [27].…”

Section: Seed Composition In Response To K Fertilizationsupporting

confidence: 83%

Potassium Deficiency Influences Soybean Seed Mineral Compositions and Metabolic Profiles across CO<sub>2</sub>

Singh¹,

Barnaby²,

Reddy³

et al. 2019

AJPS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Impacts of potassium (K) deficiency and elevated carbon dioxide (eCO 2) on seed constituents have rarely been explored in most crops including soybean. A controlled environment experiment was conducted with soybean grown under a sufficient (5.0 mM) and two deficient (0.50 and 0.02 mM) levels of K fertilization at ambient (aCO 2) and eCO 2 (400 and 800 µmol•mol −1 , respectively). Both treatments significantly affected several constituents, with the K deficiency having stronger impacts than eCO 2. Out of 49 seed constituents, K deficiency and eCO 2 influenced 41 and 16 constituents, respectively. The K deficiency primarily decreased on average 16 constituents including minerals (e.g., K, P, Mg, Mn, Zn, Fe, B), oil, and essential fatty acids (e.g., linoleic and linolenic acids) but enhanced 25 constituents such as protein, amino acids, simple sugars, and stress-responsive metabolites (e.g., sugar alcohols mannitol and myo-inositol and proline). An accumulation of N while decreased C concentration resulted in the lower C:N ratio in the seeds of K-deficient plants. However, protein:oil, C:K, N:P, and N:K ratios were consistently greater under K deficiency. The eCO 2 also decreased minerals such as P, S, Zn, B, and essential fatty acids but enhanced the concentration of six constituents including alanine, oleic acid, fructose, and sugar alcohols across K fertilization. In addition, the impact of eCO 2 on several amino acids appeared to be dependent on the severity of K deficiency. For instance, eCO 2 decreased essential amino acids (e.g., valine, phenylalanine, isoleucine) in the seeds of severely K-deficient plants but not in the other treatments leading to a K × CO 2 interaction. Results showed that CO 2 enrichment is likely to exacerbate the decline in the concentration of seed minerals such as P, K, S, Zn and B, essential fatty acids, and amino acids under K limited conditions.

show abstract

Section: Seed Composition In Response To K Fertilizationsupporting

confidence: 83%

Potassium Deficiency Influences Soybean Seed Mineral Compositions and Metabolic Profiles across CO<sub>2</sub>

Singh¹,

Barnaby²,

Reddy³

et al. 2019

AJPS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…With diminishing new agricultural land and continually increasing demands for vegetable oils, efforts to increase storage oil productivity in different plants have received considerable attention, including overexpression of single Kennedy pathway enzymes (e.g. diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT); Weselake et al, 2008;Taylor et al, 2009), increasing carbon supply for lipid assembly (Cernac & Benning, 2004;Liu et al, 2010), expanding the time period for rapid oil accumulation (Kanai et al, 2016) or combining a number of gene manipulations to expand the 'push/ (Meyer & Kinney, 2009;Vanhercke et al, 2013;Marillia et al, 2015) to include other constraining factors (e.g. Liu et al, 2017;Vanhercke et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increase in lysophosphatidate acyltransferase activity in oilseed rape (Brassica napus) increases seed triacylglycerol content despite its low intrinsic flux control coefficient

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary Lysophosphatidate acyltransferase (LPAAT) catalyses the second step of the Kennedy pathway for triacylglycerol (TAG) synthesis. In this study we expressed Trapaeolum majus LPAAT in Brassica napus (B. napus) cv 12075 to evaluate the effects on lipid synthesis and estimate the flux control coefficient for LPAAT. We estimated the flux control coefficient of LPAAT in a whole plant context by deriving a relationship between it and overall lipid accumulation, given that this process is a exponential. Increasing LPAAT activity resulted in greater TAG accumulation in seeds of between 25% and 29%; altered fatty acid distributions in seed lipids (particularly those of the Kennedy pathway); and a redistribution of label from 14C‐glycerol between phosphoglycerides. Greater LPAAT activity in seeds led to an increase in TAG content despite its low intrinsic flux control coefficient on account of the exponential nature of lipid accumulation that amplifies the effect of the small flux increment achieved by increasing its activity. We have also developed a novel application of metabolic control analysis likely to have broad application as it determines the in planta flux control that a single component has upon accumulation of storage products.

show abstract

“…For example, overexpression of the transcription factor WRI1 (WRINKLED1) and of DGAT1 in tobacco seeds led to enhanced TAG accumulation compared to that expected by an additive effect [35]. Furthermore, a combination of DGAT expression and PGM (phosphoglucomutase) suppression has been used as an example of a combined push/pull strategy to boost TAG yields in the important oil crop, soybean [36,37]. In addition, a combination of DGAT and LEC2 (LEAFY COTYLEDON 2) gene overexpression has been used to increase TAG accumulation in tobacco [38].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

In silico characterization and expression profiling of the diacylglycerol acyltransferase gene family (DGAT1, DGAT2, DGAT3 and WS/DGAT) from oil palm, Elaeis guineensis

Rosli

Chan

et al. 2018

Plant Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The diacylglycerol acyltransferases (DGAT) (diacylglycerol:acyl-CoA acyltransferase, EC 2.3.1.20) are a key group of enzymes that catalyse the final and usually the most important rate-limiting step of triacylglycerol biosynthesis in plants and other organisms. Genes encoding four distinct functional families of DGAT enzymes have been characterised in the genome of the African oil palm, Elaeis guineensis. The contrasting features of the various isoforms within the four families of DGAT genes, namely DGAT1, DGAT2, DGAT3 and WS/DGAT are presented both in the oil palm itself and, for comparative purposes, in 12 other oil crop or model/related plants, namely Arabidopsis thaliana, Brachypodium distachyon, Brassica napus, Elaeis oleifera, Glycine max, Gossypium hirsutum, Helianthus annuus, Musa acuminata, Oryza sativa, Phoenix dactylifera, Sorghum bicolor, and Zea mays. The oil palm genome contains respectively three, two, two and two distinctly expressed functional copies of the DGAT1, DGAT2, DGAT3 and WS/DGAT genes. Phylogenetic analyses of the four DGAT families showed that the E. guineensis genes tend to cluster with sequences from P. dactylifera and M. acuminata rather than with other members of the Commelinid monocots group, such as the Poales which include the major cereal crops such as rice and maize. Comparison of the predicted DGAT protein sequences with other animal and plant DGATs was consistent with the E. guineensis DGAT1 being ER located with its active site facing the lumen while DGAT2, although also ER located, had a predicted cytosol-facing active site. In contrast, DGAT3 and some (but not all) WS/DGAT in E. guineensis are predicted to be soluble, cytosolic enzymes. Evaluation of E. guineensis DGAT gene expression in different tissues and developmental stages suggests that the four DGAT groups have distinctive physiological roles and are particularly prominent in developmental processes relating to reproduction, such as flowering, and in fruit/seed formation especially in the mesocarp and endosperm tissues.

show abstract

Biosynthesis and Biotechnology of Seed Lipids Including Sterols, Carotenoids and Tocochromanols

Cited by 15 publications

References 219 publications

Potassium Deficiency Influences Soybean Seed Mineral Compositions and Metabolic Profiles across CO<sub>2</sub>

Potassium Deficiency Influences Soybean Seed Mineral Compositions and Metabolic Profiles across CO<sub>2</sub>

Increase in lysophosphatidate acyltransferase activity in oilseed rape (Brassica napus) increases seed triacylglycerol content despite its low intrinsic flux control coefficient

In silico characterization and expression profiling of the diacylglycerol acyltransferase gene family (DGAT1, DGAT2, DGAT3 and WS/DGAT) from oil palm, Elaeis guineensis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Biosynthesis and Biotechnology of Seed Lipids Including Sterols, Carotenoids and Tocochromanols

Cited by 15 publications

References 219 publications

Potassium Deficiency Influences Soybean Seed Mineral Compositions and Metabolic Profiles across CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;

Potassium Deficiency Influences Soybean Seed Mineral Compositions and Metabolic Profiles across CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;

Increase in lysophosphatidate acyltransferase activity in oilseed rape (Brassica napus) increases seed triacylglycerol content despite its low intrinsic flux control coefficient

In silico characterization and expression profiling of the diacylglycerol acyltransferase gene family (DGAT1, DGAT2, DGAT3 and WS/DGAT) from oil palm, Elaeis guineensis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Potassium Deficiency Influences Soybean Seed Mineral Compositions and Metabolic Profiles across CO<sub>2</sub>

Potassium Deficiency Influences Soybean Seed Mineral Compositions and Metabolic Profiles across CO<sub>2</sub>