Biosynthesis and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles from the Extremophile Plant Aeonium haworthii and Their Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Anti-Diabetic Capacities

Abstract

The present paper described the first green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from the extremophile plant Aeonium haworthii. The characterization of the biosynthesized silver nanoparticles was carried out by using UV-Vis, FTIR and STM analysis. The antioxidant, antidiabetic and antimicrobial properties were also reported. The newly described AgNPs were spherical in shape and had a size of 35–55 nm. The lowest IC50 values measured by the DPPH assay indicate the superior antioxidant behavior of our AgNPs as opposed to ascorbic acid. The silver nanoparticles show high antidiabetic activity determined by the inhibitory effect of α amylase as compared to the standard Acarbose. Moreover, the AgNPs inhibit bacterial growth owing to a bactericidal effect with the MIC values varying from 0.017 to 1.7 µg/mL. The antifungal action was evaluated against Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, Candida glabrata, Candida sake and non-dermatophytic onychomycosis fungi. A strong inhibitory effect on Candida factors’ virulence was observed as proteinase and phospholipase limitations. In addition, the microscopic observations show that the silver nanoparticles cause the eradication of blastospores and block filamentous morphogenesis. The combination of the antioxidant, antimicrobial and antidiabetic behaviors of the new biosynthesized silver nanoparticles highlights their promising use as natural phytomedicine agents

Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Jasminum nudiflorum Flower Extract and Their Antifungal and Antioxidant Activity

“…Notably, the substantial absorption peaks observed at 1029 cm −1 , 2922 cm −1 , and 3414 cm −1 primarily correspond to the polyphenols extracted from the plants [ 28 ]. Additionally, peaks at 3795 cm −1 , 3452 cm −1 , 3439 cm −1 , 3430 cm −1 ,3422 cm −1 , 3418 cm −1 , 3360 cm −1 , and 3255 cm −1 can be ascribed to the stretching vibrations of the O-H or N-H groups present in alcohol or phenol compounds that bind to the surface of AgNPs [ 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 ].…”

“…Moreover, peaks at 2930 cm −1 , 2923 cm −1 , 2922 cm −1 ,2921 cm −1 , 2900 cm −1 , and 2880 cm −1 are associated with the C-H stretching vibrations of alkanes [ 23 , 28 , 35 , 46 , 47 ]. The presence of aldehyde or ketone functional groups (C=O) from flavonoid and tannin derivatives can be inferred from the peaks at 1617 cm −1 ,1626 cm −1 , 1650 cm −1 , and 1653 cm −1 [ 44 , 47 , 49 ]. While the peak at 1633 cm −1 and 1631 cm −1 signifies C=C stretching vibrations of the hydrocarbon portion of biological double-bond molecules, the band at 1052 cm −1 and 1031 cm −1 may be attributed to C-O stretching [ 35 , 46 , 50 ].…”

Potential Treatment of Dermatophyte Trichophyton rubrum in Rat Model Using Topical Green Biosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles with Achillea santolina Extract

“…Therefore, to avoid the disadvantages of physical and chemical synthesis methods, the plant extracts have been widely used in the green biosynthesis of AgNPs as reducing and stabilizing agents. Plants have promising significance, owing to the presence of diverse bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, phenolic acids, terpenoids, and alkaloids, which are useful for the biosynthesis of AgNPs to reduce silver ions for synthesizing the biomolecule of AgNPs [ 16 ].…”

Bio‐fabrication and characterization of nano‐silver using Kickxia elatine plant and its anti‐diabetic effect on alloxan‐induced Sprague Dawley rats — An in vivo approach

“…5,6 Currently, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are gaining more attraction from scientists because of their exceptional qualities including their excessive diffusion in aqueous solution and great surface-to-volume ratio (s/v), and have innumerable applications in the fields of biology and pharmacology. 7 AgNPs are widely utilized as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, 8 antimicrobials, 9,10 antioxidants, 11 anti-diabetic agents, 12,13 anticoagulants, and anticancer agents. 14 Although a variety of protocols are in practice (physical, biological, chemical, and hybrid techniques) for the fabrication of AgNPs; however, majority of these methods are ineffective because they are expensive and produce toxic byproducts that are harmful to the environment.…”

“…Currently, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are gaining more attraction from scientists because of their exceptional qualities including their excessive diffusion in aqueous solution and great surface‐to‐volume ratio (s/v), and have innumerable applications in the fields of biology and pharmacology 7 . AgNPs are widely utilized as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, 8 antimicrobials, 9,10 antioxidants, 11 anti‐diabetic agents, 12,13 anticoagulants, and anticancer agents 14 …”