Biosynthesis and Characterization of ZnO Nanoparticles Using Ochradenus arabicus and Their Effect on Growth and Antioxidant Systems of Maerua oblongifolia

Abstract

Zincoxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are among the most produced and used nanomaterials worldwide, and in recent times these nanoparticles have also been incorporate in plant science and agricultural research. The present study was planned to synthesize ZnO NPs biologically using Ochradenus arabicus leaves and examine their effect on the morphology and physiology properties of Maerua oblongifolia cultured in vitro. ZnO NPs were characterized by UV–visible spectroscopy (UV–vis), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and transmission electron microscopy, which demonstrated hexagonal shape nanoparticles of size ranging from 10 to 50 nm. Thus, the study uncovered an efficient, eco-friendly and simple technique for biosynthesis of multifunctional ZnO NPs using Ochradenus arabicus following growth of Maerua oblongifolia shoots in different concentrations of ZnO NPs (0, 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, or 20 mg L−1) in Murashige and Skoog medium. Remarkable increases in plant biomass, photosynthetic pigments, and total protein were recorded up to a concentration of 5 mg L−1; at the same time, the results demonstrated a significant reduction in lipid peroxidation levels with respect to control. Interestingly, the levels of proline and the antioxidant enzyme catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione reductase (GR) activities were increased significantly in response to all ZnO NP treatments. These findings indicate that bioengineered ZnO NPs play a major role in accumulation of biomass and stimulating the activities of antioxidant enzymes in plant tissues. Thus, green-synthesized ZnO NPs might be of agricultural and medicinal benefit owing to their impacts on plants in vitro.

Trichoderma-Mediated ZnO Nanoparticles and Their Antibiofilm and Antibacterial Activities

“…The reported absorption peaks of the ZnO NPs are in good accordance with those in previous research, where absorption peaks have been found between 355 and 380 nm. Our results agree with those of Shaikhaldein et al [ 54 ], who obtained an absorption peak at 380 nm. In a study conducted by Mahamuni et al [ 55 ], the absorption peak recorded in each spectrum was found to be in the range of 360–380 nm, which is a characteristic feature of pure ZnO.…”

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), Biosynthesis, Characterization and Evaluation of Their Impact to Improve Shoot Growth and to Reduce Salt Toxicity on Salvia officinalis In Vitro Cultivated

“…Adding zinc nitrate to the extract of O. Arubicus leads to the color change within few minutes of stirring at 60 • C (Figure 1). This is consistent with the findings of [51], who observed a change of color in the reaction mixture of plant extract and zinc acetate as an indicator to the ZnO NPs formation. When examined by UV spectrophotometry, the biosynthesized ZnO NPs showed a peak at 352 nm (Figure 2a) confirming the presence of ZnO NPs in the reaction mixture [52].…”

Phytochemical Analysis of Maerua oblongifolia, and Assessment of the Genetic Stability of M. oblongifolia under In Vitro Nanoparticles Exposure

“…Green synthesized ZnO NPs using Ochradenus arabicus leaves were prepared as reported by Shaikhaldein et al [10]. The constituents of the preparation of ZnO NPs included zinc acetate, sodium hydroxide, and Ochradenus arabicus leaf extract.…”