Biosynthesis and Mathematical Interpretation of Zero-Valent Iron NPs Using Nigella sativa Seed Tincture for Indemnification of Carcinogenic Metals Present in Industrial Effluents

Naveed, Muhammad; Makhdoom, Syeda Izma; Rehman, Shafiq ur; Aziz, Tariq; Bashir, Farzana; Ali, Urooj; Alharbi, Metab; Alshammari, Abdulrahman; Alasmari, Abdullah F.

doi:10.3390/molecules28083299

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…As a blank, distilled water was used for the analysis. The increase in absorbance 700 nm indicated that the plant extract has the highest reducing power …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular Characterization of spa, hld, fmhA, and lukD Genes and Computational Modeling the Multidrug Resistance of Staphylococcus Species through Callindra harrisii Silver Nanoparticles

et al. 2023

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The problem of multidrug resistance in bacterial pathogens is significant and is related to the high morbidity and death rates of living things due to increased levels of betalactamases. Plant-derived nanoparticles have gained a great significance in the field of science and technology to combat bacterial diseases, especially multidrug-resistant bacteria. This study examines the multidrug resistance and virulent genes of identified pathogenic Staphylococcus species obtained from Molecular Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Laboratory (MBBL), culture collection. The polymerase chain reaction-based characterization of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus argenteus having ON875315.1 and ON876003.1 accession IDs revealed the presence of the spa, LukD, f mhA, and hld genes. The green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was carried out by utilizing the leaf extract of Calliandra harrisii, of which metabolites act as capping and reducing agents for the precursor of nano-synthesis, i.e., AgNO 3 of 0.25 M. The synthesized AgNPs were characterized via UV−vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis which inferred the bead-like shape of our nanoparticles with the size of 2.21 nm with the existence of aromatic and hydroxyl functional groups at surface plasmon resonance of 477 nm. The antimicrobial activity by AgNPs showed 20 mm inhibition of Staphylococcus species as compared to the vancomycin and cefoxitin antibiotics along with crude plant extract, which showed a minimum zone of inhibition. The synthesized AgNPs were also analyzed for various biological activities like anti-inflammatory with 99.15% inhibition in protein denaturation, antioxidant with 99.8% inhibition in free radical scavenging, antidiabetic with 90.56% inhibition of alpha amylase assay, and anti-haemolytic with 89.9% inhibition in cell lysis which shows good bioavailability and biocompatibility of the nanoparticles with the biological system of the living being. The amplified genes (spa, LukD, f mhA, and hld) were also analyzed for their interaction with AgNPs computationally at the molecular level. The 3-D structure of AgNP and amplified genes was retrieved from ChemSpider (ID: 22394) and Phyre2 online server, respectively. The binding affinities of AgNP with spa, LukD, fmhA, and hld were −7.16, −6.5, −6.45, and −3.3 kJ/mol, respectively, which infers a good docking score except of hld which is −3.3 kJ/mol due to its small size. The salient features of biosynthesized AgNPs proved to be an effective approach in combating the multidrugresistant Staphylococcus species in the future.

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“…As a blank, distilled water was used for the analysis. The increase in absorbance 700 nm indicated that the plant extract has the highest reducing power …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The increase in absorbance 700 nm indicated that the plant extract has the highest reducing power. 14 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular Characterization of spa, hld, fmhA, and lukD Genes and Computational Modeling the Multidrug Resistance of Staphylococcus Species through Callindra harrisii Silver Nanoparticles

et al. 2023

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“…Their size is approximately 100 to 10,000 times smaller than that of biological molecules such as enzymes, receptors, and antibodies [ 1 ]. Owing to their ultra-small size, large surface area, and high surface activity, NPs exhibit fascinating size-/structure-dependent properties and superiorities (e.g., electrical, magnetic, optical, chemical, biological) compared to their corresponding bulk materials [ 2 , 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using the Cell-Free Supernatant of Haematococcus pluvialis Culture

Savvidou,

Kontari,

Kalantzi

et al. 2023

Materials

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The green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using the cell-free supernatant of a Haematococcus pluvialis culture (CFS) was implemented in the current study, under illumination conditions. The reduction of Ag+ to AgNPs by the CFS could be described by a pseudo-first-order kinetic equation at the temperature range tested. A high reaction rate during synthesis and stable AgNPs were obtained at 45 °C, while an alkaline pH (pH = 11.0) and a AgNO3 aqueous solution to CFS ratio of 90:10 (v/v) proved to be the most effective conditions in AgNPs synthesis. A metal precursor (AgNO3) at the concentration range tested (1–5 mM) was the limited reactant in the synthesis process. The synthesis of AgNPs was accomplished under static and agitated conditions. Continuous stirring enhanced the rate of reaction but induced aggregation at prolonged incubation times. Zeta potential and polydispersity index measurements indicated stable AgNPs and the majority of AgNPs formation occurred in the monodisperse phase. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern revealed the face-centered cubic structure of the formed AgNPs, while TEM analysis revealed that the AgNPs were of a quasi-spherical shape with a size from 30 to 50 nm. The long-term stability of the AgNPs could be achieved in darkness and at 4 °C. In addition, the synthesized nanoparticles showed antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli.

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“…One of the three main ecosystems on Earth, freshwater aquifers are essential to global ecology and the economy [ 1 ]. Water reservoirs are crucial for nutrient cycling and environmental preservation, but they are progressively being impacted by heavy metals, which may threaten their stability [ [2] , [3] , [4] ]. Heavy metals are highly hazardous to terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems and, therefore, to humans, birds, and aquatic life due to their toxicity, accumulative nature, and non-biodegradability [ 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elucidating the effects of heavy metals contamination on vital organ of fish and migratory birds found at fresh water ecosystem

Khan,

ullah,

Ashfaq

et al. 2023

Heliyon

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Biosynthesis and Mathematical Interpretation of Zero-Valent Iron NPs Using Nigella sativa Seed Tincture for Indemnification of Carcinogenic Metals Present in Industrial Effluents

Cited by 18 publications

References 28 publications

Molecular Characterization of spa, hld, fmhA, and lukD Genes and Computational Modeling the Multidrug Resistance of Staphylococcus Species through Callindra harrisii Silver Nanoparticles

Molecular Characterization of spa, hld, fmhA, and lukD Genes and Computational Modeling the Multidrug Resistance of Staphylococcus Species through Callindra harrisii Silver Nanoparticles

Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using the Cell-Free Supernatant of Haematococcus pluvialis Culture

Elucidating the effects of heavy metals contamination on vital organ of fish and migratory birds found at fresh water ecosystem

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