Biosynthesis and properties of an extracellular thermostable serine alkaline protease from Virgibacillus pantothenticus

Abstract

In this communication, we report the presence of a newly identified serine alkaline protease producing bacteria, Virgibacillus pantothenticus (MTCC 6729) in the fresh chicken meat samples and the factors affecting biosynthesis as well as characterization of protease. The strain produced only 14.3 U ml À1 protease in the standard medium after 72 h of incubation, while in optimized culture conditions the production of protease was increased up to 18.2 U ml À1 . The strain was able to produce protease at 40°C at pH 9.0. The addition of dextrose and casein improved protease production. The protease was partially purified and characterized in terms of pH and temperature stability, effect of metal ions and inhibitors. The protease was found to be thermostable alkaline by retaining its 100% and 85% stability at pH 10.0 and at 50°C respectively. The protease was compatible with some of the commercial detergents tested, and was effective in removing protein stains from cotton fabrics. The V. pantothenticus, MTCC 6729 protease appears to be potentially useful as an additive in detergents as a stain remover and other bio-formulations.

Isolation, Purification and Characterization of Lipase from Microbacterium sp. and its Application in Biodiesel Production

“…Cell free supernatant was saturated with (0-70%) ammonium sulphate with continuous stirring at 4°C followed by centrifugation at 14,000 rpm for 20 minutes [15]. Ammonium sulphate fraction was dialyzed against 50mM Tris-Chloride buffer (pH 8.0) for 6 hours at 4°C in a Dialysis bag.…”

Protease Producing Bacteria and Activity in Gut of Tiger Shrimp (Penaeus monodon)

“…Proteolytic enzyme producers are helpful for the health of the ecosystems of this earth as these microbes decompose the dead and decaying animal or plant tissues in water or land. They can create pollution free environment and they are responsible for the recycling of nutrients (Gupta et al, 2008). Shrimp feeds contain a high amount of protein and proteolytic bacteria are likely to be the bacterial groups that will govern the quality of water and sediment in shrimp ponds and have a major influence on shrimp health.…”

Isolation of a feather-degrading Bacillus subtilis strain from the alimentary tract of grebes

“…Proline, histidine and phenylalanine were the major amino acids released in the culture medium, followed by cysteine (Jeong et al, 2010). Moreover, the nutritional upgrade of feather meal and use of microbial feather lysate in feed trials showed that the use of keratinase increased significantly the amino acid digestibility of feather keratin (Odetallah et al, 2003;Grazziotin et al, 2006). The optimal reaction pH of purified keratinase (pH 6.5) matches the weak acidic condition of the alimentary tract of grebes.…”

“…Many Bacillus species have been reported to produce keratinolytic proteases (Nilegaonkar et al, 2007;Giongo et al, 2007;Sousa et al, 2007;Son et al, 2008). These isolates can degrade feathers and produced soluble proteins and amino acids (Grazziotin et al, 2006;Ghosh et al, 2008;Mabrouk, 2008;Mazotto et al, 2011;Jeong et al, 2010). From literature, 19 amino acids including all essential amino acids were detected in cell-free culture supernatant of Bacillus subtilis S8.…”

“…(De Toni et al, 2002), Stenotrophomona smaltophilia DHHJ (Wang et al, 2007), Vibrio sp. (Sangali and Brandelli, 2000), Virgibacillus pantothenticus (Gupta et al, 2008), Microbacterium sp. (Thys et al, 2004) and Candida parapsilosis (Vermelho et al, 2010), as well as fungi (Friedrich et al, 2005;Tan et al, 2005;Marcondes et al, 2008), Actinomycetes (Chitte et al, 1999;Gousterova et al, 2005;De Azeredo et al, 2006;Mabrouk, 2008), etc.…”