Biosynthesis of bacterial lipopolysaccharide. V. Lipid-linked intermediates in the biosynthesis of the O-antigen groups of Salmonella typhimurium.

Weiner, I. M.; Higuchi, Tsuyoshi; Rothfield, Lawrence; Saltmarsh-Andrew, M; Osborn, Mary; Horecker, B.L.

doi:10.1073/pnas.54.1.228

Cited by 109 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…CBMs are currently divided into 49 families based on sequence similarity (www.cazy.org). Available structures indicate that a ␤-sandwich fold is the most common fold seen in CMBs and at least seven CBM families (CBM 9,20,25,26,31,33,and 34) have an Ig-like topology (13). Specific recognition of the terminal sugars of polysaccharides has been demonstrated in CBMs, resembling the situation in C-Wzt O9a .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Substrate binding by a bacterial ABC transporter involved in polysaccharide export

Cuthbertson

Kimber

Whitfield

2007

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

118

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Extraction was performed at 68°C. This procedure liberates the O-PS from the undecaprenollinked intermediates into the aqueous phase that was collected (33). The resulting dialyzed O-PS preparation was concentrated by using a Microcon YM-3 column (3,000 MWCO; Millipore).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Substrate binding by a bacterial ABC transporter involved in polysaccharide export

Cuthbertson

Kimber

Whitfield

2007

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

118

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“…flexneri 0-specific side chains is not so well understood. I n a few Salmonella species [37,38] there is evidence that the repeating units of the primary chain are first transferred to a lipid intermediate before polymerisation and, in one or two instances at least, incorporation of the secondary side chains then follows. With the Sh.…”

Section: Structural Aspects Of Shigella Flexneri 0-antigensmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Immunochemistry of Shigella flexneri O‐Antigens

Simmons

1969

European Journal of Biochemistry

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Structural analysis of a representative group of Shigella flexneri lipopolysaccharides has shown that the 0-specific side chains of these polymers consist of a primary unbranched chain of N-acetylglucosamine and rhamnose substituted with secondary side chains of glucose. Sh. flexneri Y variants which lack the glucose secondary side chains and are thus structurally identical with the primary side chains of the different serotypes, belong to one of two types namely, Yl which consists of N-acetylglucosaminyl-( 1 +2)-rhamnosyl- ( 14) ) -rhamnose and a-glucosyl-(1 +2)-rhamnose respectively. The group antigen 3,4 in which rhamnose is the immunodominant sugar, seems to be related to the internal rhamnosyl-( 1+4)-rhamnose sequence. The serotype 6 antigen (VI) used in this study is so different structurally from its analogues that this organism is no longer regarded as a true Sh. flexneri species. From the structural relationship of the different 0-antigens, X and Y variants are the consequence of enzyme defects that interrupt the biosynthesis of the complete smooth lipopolysaccharides. Yl variants probably result from defects in the specific UDP-glucose transferases of serotypes l a and 2a while Y, variants probably result from defects in the analogous UDPglucose transferases of serotypes 4a, 3a, 5 and variant X. Variant X is an intermediate stage in the biosynthesis of serotypes 3a and 5 from the precursor Yz structure. Further evidence for the role of UDP-glucose transferases in conferring type specificity on the cryptic Y structures comes from two sources. Firstly, the type specific or T-loci of Petrovskaya that map near the lac locus are those in which glucose is the immunodominant sugar and loss of this locus by genetic recombination results in a glucose-deficient Y-type hybrid. Secondly, the structures proposed show that all phage conversions of Sh. flexneri reported to date, can be explained in terms of single enzyme changes involving specific UDP-glucose transferases. From the limited number of antigens studied, it can be predicted that the expression of type specific antigens will depend on the presence of group factors, as the former are always end group determinants which cannot be incorporated into the growing molecule before biosynthesis of the more central regions which determine group antigenicity.The Shigella flexneri are a serologically heterogeneous group of dysentery bacilli whose 0-antigens are lipid A-polysaccharide-lipid B-polypeptide complexes comparable in their gross structural and biological properties [I -41 to the analogous substances first isolated from Sh. shigae [5] and now known to be present in many other gram-negative bacilli of the family Enterobacteriaceae [6]. I n addition to their unequivocal importance in medicine, these 0-antigens are of special relevance to the biology of gram-negative bacilli in that comparative structural analysis with other genera will almost certainly reveal similarities and differences of the kind that will help t o elucidate the taxonomy, biosynthesis, gene...

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“…Since S-LPS biosynthesis takes place in the cytoplasmic membrane, a part of the 0-chain expressed in the rough B. mefitensis B115 strain is probably linked to a lipid moiety : R-LPS or the undecaprenol-diphosphate-polysaccharide lipid carrier. Several hypotheses can be put forward to explain the rough phenotype of B. melitensis B115 despite its 0-chain expression: the core is incomplete, as in Salmonella rfaK mutants (Beckmann et a/., 1964;Kent & Osborn, 1968;Lindberg et al, 1972;Weiner et al, 1965); unfinished 0 units are not attached to the core in vivo (Yuasa et a!., 1969); or, if both requirements are fulfilled (1) transfer of the 0-chain from the undecaprenol-diphosphate-polysaccharide carrier to the core does not occur, or (2) translocation of s-LPS molecules from the cytoplasmic membrane to the outer membrane does not occur.…”

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confidence: 99%

O-chain expression in the rough Brucella melitensis strain B115: induction of O-polysaccharide-specific monoclonal antibodies and intracellular localization demonstrated by immunoelectron microscopy

Cloeckaert

Zygmunt²,

Nicolle³

et al. 1992

Journal of General Microbiology

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Spleen cells from mice infected with the rough Brucella melitensis strain B115 were fused with NSO myeloma cells.Hybridoma supernatants were screened in ELISA with cell walls (CW), sonicated cell extracts (CE) and rough lipopolysaccharide (R-LPS) of B. melitensis strain B115 and whole B. melitensis B115 cells. Surprisingly, 22 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) reacting in ELISA with both CW and CE but not with R-LPS and bacterial cells were shown by immunoblot analysis and ELISA to react with smooth lipopolysaccharide (S-LPS). These mAbs also reacted in ELISA with 0 polysaccharides (OPS) from the smooth Brucellu abortus strain 99 and the smooth B. melitensis strain 16M and thus recognize epitopes present on the 0-chain. Proteinase K LPS preparations from B. melitensis B115 analysed by immunoblotting with one mAb (12G12) recognizing S-LPS of both A and M specificity displayed the typical S-LPS high-molecular-mass ladder pattern but no S-LPS was detected in the phenol/water/chloroform/light petroleum LPS preparation of the same strain. mAb 12G12, specific for S-LPS, and a mAb (A68/03F03/DO5) specific for R-LPS were used to localize the 0-chain and R-LPS expressed in B. melitensis strain B115 by immunoelectron microscopy. Immunogold labelling was observed at the surface of B. melitensis B115 cells with the anti-R-LPS mAb but not with the anti-S-LPS mAb. In ultrathin sections, immunogold labelling with the S-LPS specific mAb was observed in the cytoplasm and in the periphery of the cytoplasm, probably at the cytoplasmic membrane. Immunogold labelling with the R-LPS specific mAb was observed at the outer membrane, outside the cells and on R-LPS vesicles. These results indicate that 0-chain expressed in the rough B. melitensis strain B115 is immunogenic in mice, not exposed at the cell surface but present in the cytoplasm and most probably at the cytoplasmic membrane.

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Biosynthesis of bacterial lipopolysaccharide. V. Lipid-linked intermediates in the biosynthesis of the O-antigen groups of Salmonella typhimurium.

Cited by 109 publications

References 9 publications

Substrate binding by a bacterial ABC transporter involved in polysaccharide export

Substrate binding by a bacterial ABC transporter involved in polysaccharide export

The Immunochemistry of Shigella flexneri O‐Antigens

O-chain expression in the rough Brucella melitensis strain B115: induction of O-polysaccharide-specific monoclonal antibodies and intracellular localization demonstrated by immunoelectron microscopy

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