Biosynthesis of hematite nanoparticles using Rheum emodi and their antimicrobial and anticancerous effects in vitro

Structural and physicochemical properties of Rheum emodi mediated Mg(OH) 2 nanoparticles and their antibacterial and cytotoxic potential

“…Precisely, the IC 50 values of Mg(OH) 2 NPs on MDA‐MB‐231 were recorded as 34.81 and 27.77 µg/ml, respectively, after 24 and 48 h of incubation time. Recently, we have carried out in vitro studies of R. emodi roots extract‐mediated α‐Fe 2 O 3 NPs and showed potent cytotoxic potential [44]. The metabolites of R. emodi roots extract such as emodin, alo‐emodin, and chrysophanol showed remarkable anti‐cancerous, anti‐bacterial, and anti‐oxidant activities [45].…”

A review of green methods for phyto-fabrication of hematite (α-Fe2O3) nanoparticles and their characterization, properties, and applications

“…In the current year 2020, the biosynthesis of α -HNPs using Rheum emodi root with the green route was reported by Deepika et al. [ 46 ]. α -HNPs was were synthesized in a cost-effective and eco-friendly method.…”

“… Plant name/part Uv-vis (nm) Calculated E g (eV) Expected E g (eV) Ref Arisaema amurense root 570 – 2.18 [ 2 ] Rhus punjabensis 283 1.85–1.90 4.38 [ 30 ] Guava (Psidium guajava) leaves 347, 543, 652 & 849 1.56–1.71 1.46–3.57 [ 32 ] Amaranthus dubius leaf 214 at pH 4 300 at pH 9 – – 5.79 at pH 4 4.13 at pH 4 [ 35 ] Lantana camara leaf 370 – 3.35 [ 36 ] Terminalia bellirica ; Moringa oleifera fruit & Moringa oleifera leaves 300 & 400 – 3.10–4.13 [ 37 ] Skimmia Laureola leaf 318 – 3.90 [ 38 ] Henna (Lawsonia inermis) leaf 220–224 – 5.54–5.64 [ 40 ] Pistachio leaf ( Pistacia vera L) 480 – 2.58 [ 41 ] Garlic extract 450 – 2.76 [ 45 ] Rheum emodi root 270 & 320 – 3.88–4.59 [ 46 ] Green Tea (Camellia sinensis) leaves 290-310 & 485-550 – 2.25–4.28 …”

“…aureus & S. typhimurium” [ 40 ] Pistachio leaf ( Pistacia vera L) Agricultural production “It promotes the seed vigor index of tomato seeds” [ 41 ] Salvadora persica Anticancer activity “Colon (HT-29) cancer cell lines at IC 50 = 125 μ g/mL” [ 43 ] Hippuric acid, Itaconic acid, Tyrosine amino acid Anticancer “Breast carcinoma cells (MCF-7 cell line) IC 50 at 3.10–3.81 μ g/mL” [ 44 ] Garlic extract Anticancer activity “Colorectal cancer (HCT 116), breast cancer (MCF-7) & cervical cancer (HeLa) at IC 50 found to be 230 μ g/mL, 346 μ g/mL and 285 μ g/mL respectively” [ 45 ] Rheum emodi root Antibacterial activity “E. coli and S. aureus” Anticancer activity “ Cervical cell at IC 50 = 41.90 μ g/mL” [ 46 ] Cyperus rotundus L. Catalytic activity “Reduction of 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine” Photocatalytic activity “Congo red dye” [ 50 ] Green Tea (Camellia sinensis) leaves Solar cells [ 66 ] Sida cordifolia Antibacterial activity “ B. subtilis & S. aureus, E. coli & K. pneumonia ” [ 97 ] Mandarin peels “Citrus reticulum ” Photocatalytic activity [ 98 ] Ailanthus excelsa leaves Insecticidal agent “Green peach aphid at LC 50 = 1125 ppm” [ 109 ] Curcuma Photocatalytic activity “Methyl orange dye” [ 128 ] Tea leaves Photocatalytic activity “Methyl orange dye” [ 128 ] ...…”

“…IONPs have not frequently been the center of concern relative to Au NPs and Ag NPs, but they are now the field of interest for most researchers and scientists due to the characteristics that allow them to succeed in this region. Many trials of α -Fe 2 O 3 NPs have been encouraging for use as an option in the treatment of some tumors and specific cancers [ 2 , 30 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 ].…”