Biosynthesis of indole-3-acetic acid via the indole-3-acetamide pathway in Streptomyces spp.

Manulis, Shulamit; Shafrir, Hadas; Epstein, Ephraim; Lichter, Amnon; Barash, Isaac

doi:10.1099/13500872-140-5-1045

Cited by 143 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The only biosynthetic route to IAA that has been worked out definitely is the bacterial indole-3-acetamide (IAM) pathway catalyzed by tryptophan-2-monooxygenase (L-tryptophan -> IAM) and indole-3-acetamide hydrolase (IAM -> IAA) operating in a number of bacteria including the genera Agrobacterium (for review : Weiler and Schróder 1987), Azospirillum (Bar and Okon 1993), Pseudomonas (Magie et al 1963) and Streptomyces (Manulis et al 1994). It is widely held that this pathway is not operative in higher plants, despite reports of IAM-hydrolyzing activity in some species including rice (Kawaguchi et al 1991) and Poncirus trifoliata , and reports on the occurrence of IAM in Prunus jamasakura (Saotome et al 1993) and Citrus unshiu (Igoshi et al 1971;Takahashi et al 1975).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and formation of indole-3-acetamide in Arabidopsis thaliana

Pollmann

Müller

Piotrowski

et al. 2002

Planta

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An HPLC/GC-MS/MS technique (high-pressure liquid chromatography in combination with gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry) has been worked out to analyze indole-3-acetamide (IAM) with very high sensitivity, using isotopically labelled IAM as an internal standard. Using this technique, the occurrence of IAM in sterile-grown Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. was demonstrated unequivocally. In comparison, plants grown under non-sterile conditions in soil in a greenhouse showed approximately 50% higher average levéis of IAM, but the differences were not statistically significant. Thus, microbial contributions to the IAM extracted from the tissue are likely to be minor. Levéis of IAM in sterile-grown seedlings were highest in imbibed seeds and then sharply declined during the first 24 h of germination and further during early seedling development to remain below 20-30 pmol g l fresh weight throughout the rosette stage. The decline in indole-3-aetic acid (IAA) levéis during germination was paralleled by a similar decline in IAM levéis. Recombinant nitrilase isoforms 1, 2 and 3, known to synthesize IAA from indole-3-acetonitrile, were shown to produce significant amounts of IAM in vitro as a second end product of the reaction besides IAA. NIT2 was earlier shown to be highly expressed in developing and in matare A. thaliana embryos, and NIT3 is the dominantly active gene in the hypocotyl and the cotyledons of young, germinating seedlings. Collectively, these data suggest that the elevated levéis of IAM in seeds and germinating seedlings result from nitrilase action on indole-3-acetonitrile, a metabolite produced in the plants presumably from glucobrassicin turnover.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and formation of indole-3-acetamide in Arabidopsis thaliana

Pollmann

Müller

Piotrowski

et al. 2002

Planta

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“…Like most rhizobacteria, it seems highly probable that streptomycetes are capable of directly enhancing plant growth. Manulis et al (1994) El-Shanshoury 1991), this was the first confirmation of its production using modem analytical methods such as HPLC and GC-MS, and Manulis et al (1994) provided a detailed description of the IAA biosynthetic pathways in Streptomyces. There is very little understanding about microbial phytohormones and even less so about their effect on plant growth.…”

Section: Actinomycetes As Pgprmentioning

confidence: 99%

Actinomycetes, promising tools to control plant diseases and to promote plant growth

Doumbou¹,

Salove²,

Crawford³

et al. 2005

phyto

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Les actinomycètes représentent une grande proportion de la biomasse microbienne du sol et ont la capacité de produire une large variété d’antibiotiques et d’enzymes extracellulaires. Plusieurs souches d’actinomycètes s’avèrent capables de protéger les plantes contre des maladies. Cette revue se penche sur le potentiel des actinomycètes comme (a) source de composés agronomiques, (b) agents stimulant la croissance des plantes et (c) agents de lutte biologique. La revue donne aussi des exemples de lutte biologique contre les agents phytopathogènes bactériens et fongiques par l’utilisation d’espèces d’actinomycetes déjà disponibles sur le marché ou qui le seront probablement au cours des prochaines années.Actinomycetes represent a high proportion of the soil microbial biomass and have the capacity to produce a wide variety of antibiotics and of extracellular enzymes. Several strains of actinomycetes have been found to protect plants against plant diseases. This review focuses on the potential of actinomycetes as (a) source of agroactive compounds, (b) plant growth promoting organisms, and (c) biocontrol tools of plant diseases. This review also addresses examples of biological control of fungal and bacterial plant pathogens by actinomycetes species which have already reached the market or are likely to be exploited commercially within the next few years

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“…This pathway is operative in several genera of plant-associated bacteria including Agrobacterium (Weiler and Schróder, 1987), Azospirillum (Bar and Okon, 1993), Pseudomonas (Magie et al, 1963) and Streptomyces (Manulis et al, 1994). The conversión is catalyzed by tryptophan-2-monooxygenase (L-tryptophan -> IAM) and indole-3-acetamide hydrolase (IAM -> IAA).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular cloning and characterization of an amidase from Arabidopsis thaliana capable of converting indole-3-acetamide into the plant growth hormone, indole-3-acetic acid

2003

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Acylamidohydrolases from higher plants have not been characterized or cloned so far. AtPsMll is the first member of this enzyme family from a higher plant and was identified in the genome of Arabidopsis thaliana based on sequence homology with the catalyticdomain sequence of bacterial acylamidohydrolases, particularly those that exhibit indole-3-acetamide amidohydrolase activity. AtAMll polypeptide and mRNA are present in leaf tissues, as shown by immunoblotting and RT-PCR, respectively. AtAMll was expressed from its cDNA in enzymatically active form and exhibits substrate specificity for indole-3-acetamide, but also some activity against L-asparagine. The recombinant enzyme was characterized further. The results show that higher plants have acylamidohydrolases with properties similar to the enzymes of certain plant-associated bacteria such as Agrobacterium-, Pseudomonasand Rhodococcus-spQCÍQS, in which these enzymes serve to synthesize the plant growth hormone, indole-3-acetic acid, utilized by the bacteria to colonize their host plants. As Índole-3-acetamide is a native metabolite in Arabidopsis thaliana, it can no longer be ruled out that one pathway for the biosynthesis of indole-3-acetic acid involves indole-3-acetamide-hydrolysis by AtPsMll.

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Biosynthesis of indole-3-acetic acid via the indole-3-acetamide pathway in Streptomyces spp.

Cited by 143 publications

References 21 publications

Occurrence and formation of indole-3-acetamide in Arabidopsis thaliana

Occurrence and formation of indole-3-acetamide in Arabidopsis thaliana

Actinomycetes, promising tools to control plant diseases and to promote plant growth

Molecular cloning and characterization of an amidase from Arabidopsis thaliana capable of converting indole-3-acetamide into the plant growth hormone, indole-3-acetic acid

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