Biosynthesis, Structural, and Functional Attributes of Tocopherols in Planta; Past, Present, and Future Perspectives

Hussain, N.; Irshad, Faiza; Jabeen, Zahra; Shamsi, Imran Haider; Li, Zhilan; Jiang, Lixi

doi:10.1021/jf4010302

Cited by 51 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 191 publications

(364 reference statements)

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“…In the human diet, tocochromanols serve as both lipid-soluble antioxidants and the essential nutrient vitamin E (Hussain et al, 2013;Ahsan et al, 2015), with a-tocopherol having the highest vitamin E activity, a-tocotrienol and g-tocopherol 3-and 6-fold lower activity, respectively, and that of other tocochromanols being negligible (Kamal-Eldin and Appelqvist, 1996;DellaPenna and Mène-Saffrané, 2011). While plant seed oils are the major source of dietary vitamin E, seeds of most crops predominantly contain tocochromanols with low vitamin E activity (DellaPenna and Mène-Saffrané, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Loci Underlie Natural Variation in Vitamin E Levels in Maize Grain

et al. 2017

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Tocopherols, tocotrienols, and plastochromanols (collectively termed tocochromanols) are lipid-soluble antioxidants synthesized by all plants. Their dietary intake, primarily from seed oils, provides vitamin E and other health benefits. Tocochromanol biosynthesis has been dissected in the dicot Arabidopsis thaliana, which has green, photosynthetic seeds, but our understanding of tocochromanol accumulation in major crops, whose seeds are nonphotosynthetic, remains limited. To understand the genetic control of tocochromanols in grain, we conducted a joint linkage and genome-wide association study in the 5000-line U.S. maize (Zea mays) nested association mapping panel. Fifty-two quantitative trait loci for individual and total tocochromanols were identified, and of the 14 resolved to individual genes, six encode novel activities affecting tocochromanols in plants. These include two chlorophyll biosynthetic enzymes that explain the majority of tocopherol variation, which was not predicted given that, like most major cereal crops, maize grain is nonphotosynthetic. This comprehensive assessment of natural variation in vitamin E levels in maize establishes the foundation for improving tocochromanol and vitamin E content in seeds of maize and other major cereal crops.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Loci Underlie Natural Variation in Vitamin E Levels in Maize Grain

et al. 2017

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“…Toc confers several human health benefits, including a decreased risk of cardiovascular diseases, improved immune function, and a slower progression of degenerative conditions, such as cataracts, arthritis, and age-related disorders of the nervous system (Traber and Sies, 1996;Pryor, 2000;Bell and Grochoski, 2008). Recent reports suggest that vitamin E (Toc) intake, either from the diet or from supplements, may reduce the risk of liver cancer (Zhang et al, 2012;Hussain et al, 2013a). Toc is synthesized mainly in plants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of seed tocopherols in oilseed rape to nitrogen fertilizer sources and application rates

Hussain

Jiang

Jabeen

et al. 2014

J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B

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Tocopherols (Tocs) are vital scavengers of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and important seed oil quality indicators. Nitrogen (N) is one of the most important fertilizers in promoting biomass and grain yield in crop production. However, the effect of different sources and application rates of N on seed Toc contents in oilseed rape is poorly understood. In this study, pot trials were conducted to evaluate the effect of two sources of N fertilizer (urea and ammonium nitrate). Each source was applied to five oilseed rape genotypes (Zheshuang 72, Jiu-Er-1358, Zheshuang 758, Shiralee, and Pakola) at three different application rates (0.41 g/pot (N1), 0.81 g/pot (N2), and 1.20 g/pot (N3)). Results indicated that urea increased α-, γ-, and total Toc (T-Toc) more than did ammonium nitrate. N3 was proven as the most efficient application rate, which yielded high contents of γ-Toc and T-Toc. Highly significant correlations were observed between Toc isomers, T-Toc, and α-/γ-Toc ratio. These results clearly demonstrate that N sources and application rates significantly affect seed Toc contents in oilseed rape.

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“…In spite of the nutritional importance of tocopherols [48,49], their content and composition in L. alba seed oils remain unknown. The quantification of tocopherols by liquid chromatography was based on an external standard method using -tocopherol.…”

Section: Tocopherol Contents and Compositions Of L Alba Seed Oilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipid Classes, Fatty Acids, Tocopherols Compositions and Antioxidant Activity of Lawsonia alba Seed Oils Growing in Algeria

Cherbi

Hamia

Gourine

et al. 2017

CNF

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Background: Lawsonia alba seed oils are not widely used commercially even though they have characteristics that well suit for industrial applications and can contribute to healthy human diets. The most important aim of the present work is the evaluation of the tocopherols composition of these oils. Moreover, lipid classes, fatty acids compositions and antioxidant activity of the seed oils were also investigated. Methods:Lawsonia alba seed oils were extracted with Soxhlet device using n-hexane and chloroform/methanol. Tocopherols were analyzed by HPLC The antioxidant activity were determined using two different assays: DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl), and Phosphomolybdenum. Results:The content of the oils ranged from 7.52 to 10.45%. Polyunsaturated fatty acids dominated all the studied samples. Linoleic, followed by palmitic and oleic, were the major fatty acids found in the crude seed oils and their lipid classes. Results of tocopherols identification showed that the seed oils were rich in tocopherols, especially -and -tocopherols. For DPPH assay, the antioxidant powers varied from medium to low values (IC 50 = 0.11 to 16.54 mg/mL). The results of the Phosphomolybdenum assay showed very important activities of the oils that were decreasing in the following order: polar lipids > neutral lipids (Chloroform/Methanol) > total lipids > neutral lipids (n-hexane).Conclusion: this current report reveals the richness of the Lawsonia alba seeds in tocopherols, which in fact is studied for the first time. Moreover, cluster analysis revealed that fatty acid composition of the seed oils of Lawsonia alba were very close to those of Walnut.

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Biosynthesis, Structural, and Functional Attributes of Tocopherols in Planta; Past, Present, and Future Perspectives

Cited by 51 publications

References 191 publications

Novel Loci Underlie Natural Variation in Vitamin E Levels in Maize Grain

Novel Loci Underlie Natural Variation in Vitamin E Levels in Maize Grain

Response of seed tocopherols in oilseed rape to nitrogen fertilizer sources and application rates

Lipid Classes, Fatty Acids, Tocopherols Compositions and Antioxidant Activity of Lawsonia alba Seed Oils Growing in Algeria

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