Biosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles for Cancer Therapy and In Vivo Bioimaging

Abstract

In the current communication, a simple, environmentally compatible, non-toxic green chemistry process is used for the development of silver nanoparticles (AgZE) by the reaction between silver nitrate (AgNO3) and the ethanolic leaf extract of Zinnia elegans (ZE). The optimization of AgZE is carried out using a series of experiments. Various physico-chemical techniques are utilized to characterize the nanomaterials. The cell viability assay of AgZE in normal cells (CHO, HEK-293T, EA.hy926, and H9c2) shows their biocompatible nature, which is supported by hemolytic assay using mouse RBC. Interestingly, the nanoparticles exhibited cytotoxicity towards different cancer cell lines (U-87, MCF-7, HeLa, PANC-1 and B16F10). The detailed anticancer activity of AgZE on human glioblastoma cell line (U-87) is exhibited through various in vitro assays. In vivo the AgZE illustrates anticancer activity by inhibiting blood vessel formation through CAM assay. Furthermore, the AgZE nanoparticles when intraperitoneally injected in C57BL6/J mice (with and without tumor) exhibit fluorescence properties in the NIR region (excitation: 710nm, emission: 820nm) evidenced by bioimaging studies. The AgZE biodistribution through ICPOES analysis illustrates the presence of silver in different vital organs. Considering all the results, AgZE could be useful as a potential cancer therapeutic agent, as well as an NIR based non-invasive imaging tool in near future.

Investigating the anticancer efficacy of biogenic synthesized MgONPs: An in vitro analysis

“…The remnant scar region was found to be the highest compared to the starting gap area at the highest tested concentration of MgONPs (15 μg/ml). Our results showed a similar trend in inhibiting PA-1 cell migration as observed by other anticancer agents ( Das et al, 2020 ; Haque et al, 2021 ). For comparison purposes, we have enlisted a table comprising the efficacy of green-synthesized MgONPs from various sources ( Table 1 ).…”

Photothermal Therapy with HER2-Targeted Silver Nanoparticles Leading to Cancer Remission

“…Full cancer remission was achieved with gold nanoshell-mediated hyperthermia by NIR irradiation [ 65 ]. As for silver particles, previous studies directed to the development of in vivo effective Ag NPs resulted in nontargeted nanoparticles or peptide-modified particles that were used for in vivo imaging [ 66 ] and tumor growth reduction [ 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 ]. In particular, TAT peptide-coated Ag NPs were used to inhibit B16 melanoma growth [ 67 , 74 ]; PVP-stabilized Ag NPs were developed for triple-negative breast cancer treatment [ 73 ]; and mouse serum albumin-coated Ag NPs were designed for the reduction of murine fibrosarcoma growth [ 69 ].…”

Recent Developments in Metallic Nanomaterials for Cancer Therapy, Diagnosing and Imaging Applications

“…Such nanosystems have been proven to enhance in vivo stability, increase drug accumulation in the tumor site, improve the therapeutic effectiveness of carried drugs, and reduce systemic toxicity. Moreover, they can ensure sustained/programmable or ondemand drug release by responding to internal or external stimuli, respectively [128][129][130].…”

“…Furthermore, these complex nanosystems allowed the simultaneous use of several approaches for fighting tumor As described in Table 5, a variety of metal-based theranostics with different degrees of structural complexity and anticancer functionality has been tested. For instance, the simplest nanosystem included in the table (Ag NPs developed by Haque et al [128]) required no anticancer drug, targeting moiety, or fluorescent molecule to work as an anticancer agent while also exhibiting NIR imaging potential. However, the encapsulation of various drugs (e.g., curcumin, melanin, doxorubicin, and methotrexate), the addition of different coatings (e.g., starch, calcium phosphate, and amorphous silica), and functionalization with certain biomolecules (e.g., folic acid, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, and split DNAzyme precursor) were demonstrated to significantly boost antitumor activity, ensuring specific targeting ability and controlled drug-release.…”