Biotechnological approaches for conservation of medicinal plants

Castillo-Pérez, Luis J.; Alonso-Castro, Ángel Josabad; Fortanelli-Martínez, Javier; Carranza‐Álvarez, Candy

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-824109-7.00002-9

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…The World Health Organization mentions that 80% of the global population relies on the utilization of medicinal plants for the treatment of numerous ailments [8][9][10]. Thus, it has become of the utmost importance to promote extensive studies integrating the safe use and conservation of these medicinal plants [7,11,12]. The pharmacological use of medicinal plant species has numerous benefits with minimal side effects [9,13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Composition of Combretum erythrophyllum Leaf and Stem Bark Extracts

et al. 2022

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Combretaceae is a large Angiosperm family that is highly sought after because of its pronounced medicinal value. Combretum is recognized as the largest genus, prevalent in southern Africa due to its extensive use in traditional medicine. This study aimed to provide a comparative analysis of the phytochemical constituents of the leaf and stembark extracts of Combretum erythrophyllum (Burch.) Sond. Leaf and stembark crude extracts were generated using hexane, chloroform, and methanol as the solvents of choice. Qualitative phytochemical tests indicated the presence of phytocompounds, including carbohydrates, alkaloids, sterols, phenols, fixed oils, and fats. Flavonoids were found within the leaf extracts only, while saponins, mucilage, and gums were specifically identified within the stembark extracts. The first reported gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) screening of C. erythrophyllum leaf and stembark extracts was conducted, yielding the identification of 266 phytocompounds. Major phytocompounds such as sitosterol and lupeol, which may have possible anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory properties, were identified. Furthermore, a pharmacogenetic evaluation was conducted. As a result, both the leaf and stem bark material were seen to fluoresce a wide array of colors (brown, red, green, and blue colorations), indicating the presence of beneficial phytometabolites and their use in medicinal applications. Given the wide array of proposed medicinal benefits associated with the presence of phytocompounds identified within C. erythrophyllum, this species should be considered for its medicinal importance. The isolation and extraction of these beneficial compounds open further avenues for their use in the pharmaceutical industry.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Composition of Combretum erythrophyllum Leaf and Stem Bark Extracts

et al. 2022

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“…Most therapeutic secondary metabolites are sourced from wild or cultivated plants, with their chemical synthesis often deemed commercially impractical (Verma et al, 2012). Unfortunately, a concerning trend of rapid decline is observed in numerous therapeutic plant species (Castillo-Peŕez et al, 2021). Among these, the Glory Lily stands out, facing excessive exploitation in its natural habitat due to the rich presence of colchicine and other valuable alkaloids endowed with medicinal and commercial significance (Kumar et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing callus induction and indirect organogenesis in non-dormant corm explants of Gloriosa superba (L.) via media priming

Mosoh,

Khandel,

Verma

et al. 2024

Front. Hortic.

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IntroductionGloriosa superba L. is an endangered ornamental plant of significant medicinal, commercial, and cultural value. This study establishes an efficient protocol for rapid in vitro propagation of this plant species through callus-mediated organogenesis using non-dormant corm explants.MethodsPlant tissue culture techniques were employed to facilitate the in vitro regeneration process of Gloriosa superba L. This encompassed various stages, including the acquisition of plant material, surface sterilization, formulation of growth media, and the execution of callogenesis, shooting, rooting, and acclimatization experiments.Results and DiscussionInvestigation into the impact of plant growth regulators on callogenesis unveiled diverse callus morphologies, dependent on regulator type and concentration, with the NAA and KN combination emerging as the most effective for callus induction. Specifically, the callus induction medium supplemented with 1.5 mg L−1 NAA, 0.5 mg L−1 KN, and 10 mg L−1 casein hydrolysate (CH) achieved remarkable results, boasting an 81.25% callus induction rate and a substantial callus biomass fresh weight of 333 mg. Furthermore, the combination of BAP and NAA facilitated optimal shoot primordia induction and shooting in callus derived from non-dormant corm explants. The shoot induction medium, enriched with 2.0 mg L−1 BAP, 0.5 mg L−1 NAA, 5 mg L−1 CH, and 20% (v/v) coconut water (CW), resulted in an impressive 83.33% shoot primordia formation rate and an average of 6.86 shoot primordia per callus. For root induction, the medium supplemented with 1.0 mg L−1 IBA displayed a high root induction rate of 81.25% and robust rooting (+++). Successful acclimatization of in vitro plantlets in controlled environments and shade net houses culminated in thriving growth, and upon transplantation into a garden soil blend (garden soil : sand : vermiculite, 2:1:1, v/v), with direct sunlight exposure, the plantlets demonstrated commendable development and form, boasting a 69% survival rate at the seven-week mark. These findings offer a robust foundation for scalable and sustainable propagation strategies, ensuring the conservation and utilization of this valuable species.

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“…New drug molecules from natural products are potential alternatives (18). Almost 80% of the world's population mainly relies on traditional medicines involving plant-based therapies according to WHO (19,20). Garlic (Allium sativam L.), Clove (Syzygium aromaticum L.), and Indian Gooseberry (Phyllanthus emblica L.) have been explored in traditional medicine for potential therapeutics for conditions such as cancer, constipation and other disease conditions (21)(22)(23)(24).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aqueous Spice Extracts as Alternative Antimycotics to Control Highly Drug Resistant Extensive Biofilm Forming Clinical Isolates ofCandida albicans

Sadanandan

Vijayalakshmi

Ashrit

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Candida albicans forms biofilm by associating with biotic and abiotic surfaces. Biofilm formation by C. albicans is relevant and significant as the organisms residing within, gain resistance to conventional antimycotics and are therefore difficult to treat. This study targeted the potential of spice-based antimycotics to control C. albicans biofilms. Ten clinical isolates of C. albicans along with a standard culture MTCC-3017 (ATCC-90028) were screened for their biofilm-forming ability. C. albicans M-207 and C. albicans S-470 were identified as high biofilm formers by point inoculation on TSA medium as they formed a lawn within 16 h and exhibited resistance to fluconazole and caspofungin at 25 mcg and 8 mcg respectively. Aqueous and organic spice extracts were screened for their antimycotic activity against C. albicans M-207 and S-470 by agar and disc diffusion and Zone of Inhibition was observed. Minimal Inhibitory Concentration was determined based on growth absorbance and cell viability measurements. The whole aqueous extract of garlic inhibited biofilms of C. albicans M-207, whereas whole aqueous extracts of garlic, clove, and Indian gooseberry were effective in controlling C. albicans S-470 biofilm within 12 h of incubation. The presence of allicin, ellagic acid, and gallic acid as dominant compounds in the aqueous extracts of garlic, clove, and Indian gooseberry respectively was determined by High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. The morphology of C. albicans biofilm at different growth periods was also determined through bright field microscopy, phase contrast microscopy, and fluorescence microscopy. The results of this study indicated that the alternate approach in controlling high biofilm-forming, multi-drug resistant clinical isolates of C. albicans M-207 and S-470 using whole aqueous extracts of garlic, clove, and Indian gooseberry is a safe, potential, and cost-effective one that can benefit the health care needs with additional effective therapeutics to treat biofilm infections.

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Biotechnological approaches for conservation of medicinal plants

Cited by 8 publications

References 92 publications

Chemical Composition of Combretum erythrophyllum Leaf and Stem Bark Extracts

Chemical Composition of Combretum erythrophyllum Leaf and Stem Bark Extracts

Optimizing callus induction and indirect organogenesis in non-dormant corm explants of Gloriosa superba (L.) via media priming

Aqueous Spice Extracts as Alternative Antimycotics to Control Highly Drug Resistant Extensive Biofilm Forming Clinical Isolates ofCandida albicans

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