Biotechnological Potential of the Acinetobacter Genus Bacteria

Abstract

Until recently, there were rare scientific reports on the biotechnological potential of non-pathogenic bacteria of the Acinetobacter genus. Although the first reports about the practically valuable properties of these bacteria date back to the 70s and 80s of the twentieth century and concerned the synthesis of the emulsan bioemulsifier. In the last decade, interest in representatives of the Acinetobacter genus as objects of biotechnology has significantly increased. The review presents current literature data on the synthesis by bacteria of this genus of high-molecular emulsifiers, low-molecular biosurfactants of glyco- and aminolipid nature, enzymes (lipase, agarase, chondroitinase), phytohormones, as well as their ability to solubilize phosphates and decompose various xenobiotics (aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, pesticides, insecticides). Prospects for practical application of Acinetobacter bacteria and the metabolites synthesized by them in environmental technologies, agriculture, various industries and medicine are discussed. The data of own experimental studies on the synthesis and biological activity (antimicrobial, anti-adhesive, ability to destroy biofilms) of biosurfactants synthesized by A. calcoaceticus IMV B-7241 strain and their role in the degradation of oil pollutants, including complex ones with heavy metals, are presented. The ability of A. calcoaceticus IMV B-7241 to the simultaneous synthesis of phytohormones (auxins, cytokinins, gibberellins) and biosurfactants with antimicrobial activity against phytopathogenic bacteria allows us to consider this strain as promising for practical use in crop production to increase crop yields.

The Impact of the Space Environment on Microbial Growth and Behavior

“…Among the dominant members of the core microbiome across spacecraft and healthcare facilities are the Acinetobacter (La Mora et al, 2016;. The Acinetobacter are a Gram-negative bacterial genus associated with desiccation tolerance (McCoy et al, 2012;Farrow et al, 2018), radiation tolerance (La Duc et al, 2003;McCoy et al, 2012), bioemulsification (Pirog et al, 2021), biofilm formation (Yeom et al, 2013;Pompilio et al, 2021), and multidrug resistance (Peleg et al, 2008).…”

Metabolomic and cultivation insights into the tolerance of the spacecraft-associated Acinetobacter toward Kleenol 30, a cleanroom floor detergent

“…Among the dominant members of the core microbiome across spacecraft and healthcare facilities are the Acinetobacter ( La Duc et al, 2012 ; Mora et al, 2016 ; Hendrickson et al, 2021 ). The Acinetobacter are a Gram-negative bacterial genus associated with desiccation tolerance ( McCoy et al, 2012 ; Farrow et al, 2018 ), radiation tolerance ( La Duc et al, 2003 ; McCoy et al, 2012 ), bioemulsification ( Pirog et al, 2021 ), biofilm formation ( Yeom et al, 2013 ; Pompilio et al, 2021 ), and multi-drug resistance ( Peleg et al, 2008 ).…”

Biosurfactant Production by Acinetobacter venetianus and Its Application in Bioremediation

“…Microorganisms isolated from oil contaminations are potential producers of biosurfactants by assimilating the contamination as a carbon source for their growth [1,14,24]. For example, Acinetobacter are commonly isolated from marine environments and can degrade a wide range of inorganic and organic compounds by producing bioemulsifiers, such as Emulsan, Alasan, and Biodispersan [25][26][27][28].…”