“…Several compounds, including crude oil, naphthalene, phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthene, pyrene, benzo(a)pyrene (Da Silva, Umbuzeiro, Pfenning, Canhos, & Esposito, 2003;Argumedo-Delira, Alarcon, Ferreira-Cerrato, Almaraz, & Peña Cabriales, 2012;Lee et al, 2014;Zafra, Absálon, Cuevas, & Cortes-Espinosa, 2014), triazine herbicides (Colla, Primaz, Lima, Bertolini, & Costa, 2008) and heavy metals (Vale, Abreu, Gouveia, Leitão, & Santaella, 2011), has been used in these types of tests. The literature reports that high growth rates and tolerance to certain levels of contaminants are considered desirable characteristics in microorganisms, as are indicators of an ability to degrade such xenobiotics as PAHs (Lamar, Larsen, & Kirk, 1990;Matsubara, Lynch, & De Leij, 2006).…”