Biotemplating preparation of N,O-codoped hierarchically porous carbon for high-performance supercapacitors

Heteroatom-Doped Hierarchically Porous Biochar for Supercapacitor Application and Phenol Pollutant Remediation

“…The nitrogen dopants typically acknowledged can tailor the electronic mobility of the neighboring carbon lattice by modifying the electron density. More importantly, these incorporated oxygen- and nitrogen-functional groups may improve the wettability of the biochar electrodes in aqueous electrolyte and participate in the faradaic reactions that enhance the pseudo-capacitance of the biochar-based supercapacitor [ 46 , 47 ].…”

Preparation of N/O-codoped quinoline pitch-based porous carbons for high-quality supercapacitor electrodes

“…Specifically, the C 1s peak was fitted into four peaks centered at 284.6, 285.3, 286.5 and 289.2 eV, corresponding to the C types of CQC/C-C, C-N, CQO and C-O. 5,27 The O 1s peak was subdivided into three peaks located at 531.4, 532.5 and 533.4 eV, matching the O types of carboxylic CQO or benzoquinone, etheric C-O and phenolic O-H. [31][32][33] The N 1s peak can be split into four peaks positioned at 389.0, 400.1, 400.6 and 401.9 eV, 27 belonging to the N types of N-6, N-5, N-Q and N-O, respectively. The atomic contents of various types of O and N were also shown in Table 3.…”

“…[1][2][3] Supercapacitors have lately attracted tremendous attention as one of the most prospective electricity-storage devices because of their extraordinary power density, ultrafast charging and discharging rate and long-term cycling stability. 4,5 However, their comparatively low energy density has hindered their widespread commercial applications. 6 To resolve this problem, various types of electrode materials based on polymers, metal oxides and carbon materials have been developed and applied to supercapacitors in the last ten decades.…”

“…6 To resolve this problem, various types of electrode materials based on polymers, metal oxides and carbon materials have been developed and applied to supercapacitors in the last ten decades. 3,5,[7][8][9][10] Porous carbons are deemed as a promising electrode material owing to their ultrahigh surface area, well-developed nanopore structure as well as the inherent advantages of carbon materials themselves, such as outstanding thermal and chemical inertness, good electrical conductivity and being rich in sources. 11,12 To date, the reported methods of preparing porous carbons mainly include traditional physical and chemical activation methods, 13,14 hard and soft templating approaches 15,16 and their combination methods, 17 besides some special methods, like molten salt carbonization, 18 sol-gel synthesis, 19 hydrothermal preparation, 20 self-assembly, 21 and explosion-assisted strategies.…”

“…[23][24][25] In this context, hierarchical porous carbons, which simultaneously contain micropores, mesopores and macropores, have recently acquired popularity in supercapacitors. 5,21 Moreover, it is found that small mesopores in the size of 2-5 nm are of great help in maximizing supercapacitive performance. 26 On the other hand, doping of active heteroatoms (N, O, S, P and B) is also thought to be an effective way to improve the electrochemical performance of porous carbons, as it can not only provide additional pseudo-capacitance via faradaic reactions, but also raise the conductivity of the carbon skeleton and the wettability of the carbon surface.…”