Bioterrorism: Clinical and public health aspects of anthrax

Chugh, T.D.

doi:10.1016/j.cmrp.2019.05.004

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Wspomniane czynniki biologiczne nie są także zbyt kosztowne, a ponadto mają bardzo szeroki zakres oddziaływania. Dodatkowo, wykazują brak działania niszczącego w stosunku do wyposażenia i uzbrojenia, a przy ich masowym użyciu ochrona przed nimi jest bardzo trudna lub niemożliwa [12].…”

Section: żYwność Jako Podatny Cel Ataku Terrorystycznegounclassified

Żywność Jako Broń W Obliczu Agresji Rosji Na Ukrainę

WIŚNIEWSKA

2024

zntj

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Background. Food is a basic value for every human being and the food sector is the backbone of any economy. From the perspective of the individual consumer and society, food and proper nutrition affect body immunity, life expectancy or ability to live on a daily basis. They are also values that constitute a sense of broader physical and psychological security and human dignity. Unfortunately, food has also long been used as a weapon against enemies, resulting in a threat to food safety and food security. This is par ticularly evident in the war that continues in Ukraine. Given the fact that Russia has been considered a terrorist state, it is interesting to look at the phenomenon of its terrorist activities against food and the food chain. The purpose of this article is to present this phenomenon with particular attention to the situation in Ukraine. The purpose stems from the research hypothesis, which is as follows: Typical acts of food terror ism occur in Ukraine. The study used a critical analysis of the literature, a critical analysis of reports pub lished in the media (the press, Internet portals), an analysis of databases maintained by recognized agen cies dealing with terrorism, as well as the method of synthesis and logical inference. Results and conclusions. The article describes the phenomenon of food terrorism and its manifesta tions during Russia's aggression against Ukraine. Various definitions of food terrorism were presented, its varieties were distinguished and selected examples of its occurrence were indicated. A proposal was also made to include hunger terrorism in the category of food terrorism, recalling the events of the Holodomor in Ukraine in 1932-1933.

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Section: żYwność Jako Podatny Cel Ataku Terrorystycznegounclassified

Żywność Jako Broń W Obliczu Agresji Rosji Na Ukrainę

WIŚNIEWSKA

2024

zntj

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“…Bacillus anthracis , the causative agent of anthrax, is considered a Tier 1 select agent because of its potential for causing a mass casualty event and its prior history of intentional use in bioterrorism ( 4 , 5 ). Infections with B. anthracis are primarily zoonotic, affecting herbivores that encounter B. anthracis spores in contaminated soil ( 6 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A simple undergraduate laboratory exercise for teaching the role of sentinel-level clinical microbiology testing in biological threat identification

Cox,

Askew

2023

J Microbiol Biol Educ.

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Undergraduate students in the biomedical sciences are mostly unaware of how clinical microbiology laboratories handle suspected agents of bioterrorism or emerging infectious diseases. The Public Health Security Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response Act of 2002 requires the US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) to maintain a list of microbes that pose serious biological threats to human health and safety, including Tier 1 agents with the potential for use in bioterrorism. The Laboratory Response Network (LRN), founded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, and the Association of Public Health Laboratories, coordinates the response of sentinel, reference, and national laboratories to these biothreats. The sentinel laboratories, which comprise most hospital-based and commercial laboratories, are the first to encounter a suspicious agent. For this reason, the LRN has published a series of testing guidelines to assist the sentinel laboratories in deciding whether a microbial isolate should be considered potentially hazardous and thus sent to a reference or national laboratory for further characterization. Here, we describe a simple laboratory exercise that teaches sentinel-level testing requirements in the context of an applied setting of a potential outbreak of anthrax that would require a sentinel laboratory to recognize a potential threat, attempt to rule it out, and refer to a national laboratory for identification.

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“…The usage of biological weapons by terrorists is considered to result in high mortality rates as well as economic, social, and political losses [4]. This is because biological weapons are difficult to detect early on and their spread cannot be completely controlled (except for poisons), and these weapons may even attack the user himself [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodefense against Abrin and Ricin as bioterrorism agents - a virtual screening of Indonesian plant medicinal properties

Melati

Siahaan

Apriyanto

2022

Defense and Security Studies

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Because of their high lethality and easy way to produce, abrin and ricin are often used as bioweapons. Sources of raw materials for the abrin and ricin manufacture can be found in various regions, especially in tropical countries. Those make abrin and ricin have a greater chance to be used as bioterrorism agents. Furthermore, abrin and ricin have been classified as class B types of bioweapons used in bioterrorism. In this study, a virtual screening (a bioinformatics method) will be carried out on 100 compounds derived from Indonesian Plants. Thus it can be known, the compounds that have the potential to be used as biodefense agents against abrin and ricin. Finally, it is found that there are five compounds that have the best possibility as abrin inhibitors: procyanidin B4, ursolic acid, Corilagin, Vulgarin, and Gliberelic Acid. Whereas lanuginosine, xylonine, isovitexin, liriodenine, and procyanidin were found to have more potential as biodefense agents against ricin.

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Bioterrorism: Clinical and public health aspects of anthrax

Cited by 8 publications

References 18 publications

Żywność Jako Broń W Obliczu Agresji Rosji Na Ukrainę

Żywność Jako Broń W Obliczu Agresji Rosji Na Ukrainę

A simple undergraduate laboratory exercise for teaching the role of sentinel-level clinical microbiology testing in biological threat identification

Biodefense against Abrin and Ricin as bioterrorism agents - a virtual screening of Indonesian plant medicinal properties

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