Biotic interactions limit the geographic range of an annual plant: herbivory and phenology mediate fitness beyond a range margin

Benning, John W.; Eckhart, Vincent M.; Geber, Monica A.; Moeller, David A.

doi:10.1101/300590

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 59 publications

(79 reference statements)

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“…In arid regions like those inhabited by xantiana, plants can avoid periods of low water availability late in the growing season by shifting phenology and flowering earlier (Aronson, Kigel, Shmida, & Klein, 1992;Volis, 2007). For example, Lau and Lennon (2012) showed that the microbial community of the annual plant, (Benning, Eckhart, Geber, & Moeller, 2018). Our results suggest that microbial communities may play an important role in modulating the expression of this ecologically important trait.…”

Section: Plant Responses To Amfmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…Earlier flowering time in xantiana is favored by selection in some environments (Geber and Eckhart 2005), in part because flowering time strongly influences a plant's probability of fatal mammal herbivory in some parts of xantiana’ s range. For example, at the edge of xantiana 's range, each day delay in flowering increases a plant's odds of fatal herbivory by 5%, and this fatal mammal herbivory can have large effects on population growth rates (Benning, Eckhart, Geber, & Moeller, ). Our results suggest that microbial communities may play an important role in modulating the expression of this ecologically important trait.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mycorrhizal interactions do not influence plant–herbivore interactions in populations of Clarkia xantiana ssp. xantiana spanning from center to margin of the geographic range

Bolin

Benning

Moeller

2018

Ecology and Evolution

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Multispecies interactions can be important to the expression of phenotypes and in determining patterns of individual fitness in nature. Many plants engage in symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), but the extent to which AMF modulate other species interactions remains poorly understood. We examined multispecies interactions among plants, AMF, and insect herbivores under drought stress using a greenhouse experiment and herbivore choice assays. The experiment included six populations of Clarkia xantiana (Onagraceae), which span a complex environmental gradient in the Southern Sierra Nevada of California. Clarkia xantiana's developing fruits are commonly attacked by grasshoppers at the end of the growing season, and the frequency of attack is more common in populations from the range center than range margin. We found that AMF negatively influenced all metrics of plant growth and reproduction across all populations, presumably because plants supplied carbon to AMF but did not benefit substantially from resources potentially supplied by the AMF. The fruits of plants infected with AMF did not differ from those without AMF in their resistance to grasshoppers. There was significant variation among populations in damage from herbivores but did not reflect the center‐to‐margin pattern of herbivory observed in the field. In sum, our results do not support the view that AMF interactions modulate plant–herbivore interactions in this system.

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Section: Plant Responses To Amfmentioning

confidence: 67%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycorrhizal interactions do not influence plant–herbivore interactions in populations of Clarkia xantiana ssp. xantiana spanning from center to margin of the geographic range

Bolin

Benning

Moeller

2018

Ecology and Evolution

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“…In some other cases, the research focus has been on the seasonal phenology of herbivorous insects adjusting to that of the host plant (Chuine, 2010 ; Elzinga et al, 2007 ; Singer & Parmesan, 2010 ). In a context of mammalian herbivory, Benning et al ( 2018 ) cite a case of a plant's reproductive phenology constraining its geographic range.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Putative biotic drivers of plant phenology: With special reference to pathogens and deciduousness

Burdon

Bartlett

2022

Ecology and Evolution

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Plant phenology is not only manifested in the seasonal timing of vegetative and reproductive processes but also has ontogenetic aspects. The adaptive basis of seasonal phenology has been considered mainly in terms of climatic drivers. However, some biotic factors as likely evolutionary influences on plants’ phenology appear to have been under‐researched. Several specific cases of putative biotic factors driving plant phenology are outlined, involving both herbivores and pathogens. These illustrate the diversity of likely interactions rather than any systematic coverage or review. Emphasis is on woody perennials, in which phenology is often most multifaceted and complicated by the ontogenetic aspect. The complete seasonal leaf fall that characterizes deciduous plants may be a very important defense against some pathogens. Whether biotic influences drive acquisition or long‐term persistence of deciduousness is considered. In one case, of leaf rusts in poplars, countervailing influences of the rusts and climate suggest persistence. Often, however, biotic and environmental influences likely reinforce each other. The timing and duration of shoot flushing may in at least some cases contribute to defenses against herbivores, largely through brief periods of “predator satiation” when plant tissues have highest food value. Wide re‐examination of plant phenology, accommodating the roles of biotic factors and their interplays with environments as additional adaptive drivers, is advocated toward developing and applying hypotheses that are observationally or experimentally testable.

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“…Elzinga et al 2007;Chuine 2010;Singer and Parmesan 2010). In a context of mammalian herbivory, Benning et al (2018) cite a case of a plant's reproductive phenology constraining its geographic range. Despite these considerations, the possible extent and diversity of putative biotic factors as evolutionary drivers of seasonal plant phenology appear to remain under-researched, especially with pathogens.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Putative biotic drivers of plant phenology :with special reference to pathogens and deciduousness

Burdon

Bartlett

2021

Preprint

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Plant phenology is manifested in the seasonal timing of vegetative and reproductive processes, but also has ontogenetic aspects. The adaptive basis of seasonal phenology has been considered mainly in terms of climatic drivers. However, some biotic factors as likely evolutionary influences on plants’ phenology appear to have been under-researched. Several specific cases of putative biotic factors driving plant phenology are outlined, involving both herbivores and pathogens. These illustrate the diversity of likely interactions rather than any systematic coverage or review. Emphasis is on woody perennials, in which phenology is often most multi-faceted and complicated by the ontogenetic aspect. The complete seasonal leaf fall that characterises deciduous plants may be a very important defence against some pathogens. Whether biotic influences drive acquisition or long-term persistence of deciduousness is considered. In one case; of leaf rusts in poplars, countervailing influences of the rusts and climate suggest persistence. Often, however, biotic and environmental influences likely reinforce each other. The timing and duration of shoot flushing may in at least some cases contribute to defences against herbivores, largely through brief periods of ‘predator satiation’ when plant tissues have highest food value. Wide re-examination of plant phenology, accommodating the roles of biotic factors and their interplays with environments as additional adaptive drivers, is advocated, towards developing and applying hypotheses that are observationally or experimentally testable.

show abstract

Biotic interactions limit the geographic range of an annual plant: herbivory and phenology mediate fitness beyond a range margin

Cited by 5 publications

References 59 publications

Mycorrhizal interactions do not influence plant–herbivore interactions in populations of Clarkia xantiana ssp. xantiana spanning from center to margin of the geographic range

Mycorrhizal interactions do not influence plant–herbivore interactions in populations of Clarkia xantiana ssp. xantiana spanning from center to margin of the geographic range

Putative biotic drivers of plant phenology: With special reference to pathogens and deciduousness

Putative biotic drivers of plant phenology :with special reference to pathogens and deciduousness

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