Biotransformation of <i>N</i>-Ethyl Perfluorooctanesulfonamide by Rainbow Trout (<i>Onchorhynchus mykiss</i>) Liver Microsomes

Tomy, Gregg T.; Tittlemier, Sheryl A.; Palace, Vince; Budakowski, Wes R.; Braekevelt, Eric; Brinkworth, Lyndon C.; Friesen, Ken J.

doi:10.1021/es034550j

Cited by 224 publications

(201 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Microsomal fractions have been used to investigate the biotransformation of organic compounds by fish (Tomy et al, 2004b;McKinney et al, 2006). Consequently, rainbow trout liver microsomes incubated with BDE209 experiment confirmed a metabolic pathway for BDE209 debromination and support the results from the in vivo experiments (Stapleton et al, 2006).…”

Section: Meo-bdes Metabolitesmentioning

confidence: 60%

Debrominated and methoxylated polybrominated diphenyl ether metabolites in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) after exposure to decabromodiphenyl ether

Feng

et al. 2010

Journal of Environmental Sciences

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Decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE209) is the primary component in a commonly used flame retardant. Previous studies had proved that BDE209 itself was not toxic, while its metabolites including debrominated diphenyl ethers (De-BDEs) and methoxylated brominated diphenyl ethers (MeO-BDEs) posed a potential threat to organisms. Many studies had indicated that BDE209 could metabolize quickly in mammals, but lacking in the basic data about the metabolism of BDE209 in fish. In the present study, two replicate treatment groups of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were exposed to BDE209 via a single intraperitoneal injection approximately 100 and 500 ng/g, respectively. Muscle, liver and blood samples were collected to analyze the specific metabolites on day 1 and day 28 post injection. The highest concentration of BDE209 was detected in muscle tissues, from 796.1 ng/g wet weight (day 1) to 687.1 ng/g wet weight (day 28) in high dose group, suggesting that BDE209 could accumulate slightly in muscle tissues. However, BDE209 was not detected in the blood for all treatments. Most congeners of De-BDEs were found in muscle and liver tissues, with the highest concentration in the liver. The main De-BDEs were nona-, octa-, hepta-and penta-De-BDEs. A total of seven MeO-BDE metabolites were observed among different fish tissues. Blood had the highest contribution of the MeO-BDE metabolites. Each MeO-BDE congener increased over the 28 days. These results in contrast to other studies suggested possible species-specific differences in metabolic abilities.

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Section: Meo-bdes Metabolitesmentioning

confidence: 60%

Debrominated and methoxylated polybrominated diphenyl ether metabolites in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) after exposure to decabromodiphenyl ether

Feng

et al. 2010

Journal of Environmental Sciences

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“…[77] However, degradation of PFOSA, N-EtFOSA and other precursor substances of PFOS may contribute to PFOS levels in marine biota and also may inflate estimated biomagnification values within marine food webs. [143] In conclusion, the recent replacement of POSF based compounds by shorter chain length compounds reduced the direct emissions of PFOS, but the continued production of its precursor compounds (e.g. FTOHs, FOSAs, FOSEs) and biodegradation might result in further accumulation of PFOS.…”

Section: Pfcs In Marine Biotamentioning

confidence: 92%

Trends of polyfluoroalkyl compounds in marine biota and in humans

Sturm

Ahrens

2010

Environ. Chem.

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Environmental context. Polyfluoroalkyl compounds are used in a variety of industrial and consumer applications, including polymer production and for surface treatment of textiles and paper. Research over the last 10 years has shown that these compounds are ubiquitous environmental contaminants -they are extremely persistent, show toxic effects and accumulate in the food chain. We evaluate global, temporal and spatial trends of these important emerging contaminants.Abstract. This review gives an overview of existing knowledge of polyfluoroalkyl compounds (PFCs) in humans and in marine biota. Temporal trends and spatial distribution of PFCs were globally compared in humans, marine mammals, seabirds and fish. In general, PFC concentrations in the environment have increased significantly from the beginning of the production up to the 1990s. After the phase-out of perfluorooctane sulfonyl fluoride (POSF) production starting in 2000, PFC concentrations in humans generally decreased. In marine biota no clear temporal trends were observed. The temporal trends depended on the species, their trophic levels and the geographical locations. PFC patterns in humans and in marine wildlife species were compared regarding perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorooctanoate (PFOA), their shorter and longer chain homologues (C 4 -C 15 ) and precursor compounds. Finally knowledge gaps were identified and recommendations for future work were presented.

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“…Therefore, only concentrations of 12 compounds that were detected in more than 50 % of all samples were used: perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS), PFHpS, PFOS, perfluorodecane sulfonate (PFDS), PFOA, PFNA, perfluorodecanoate (PFDA), PFUnDA, perfluorododecanoate (PFDoDA), PFTriDA, PFTeDA and PFOSA. Because of the possible decomposition of PFOSA to PFOS, [30] these two variables are not mutually independent. Therefore, they were combined into one parameter.…”

Section: Data Treatment and Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perfluorinated compounds in red-throated divers from the German Baltic Sea: new findings from their distribution in 10 different tissues

Rubarth

Dreyer

Guse³

et al. 2011

Environ. Chem.

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Environmental context. Perfluorinated compounds are commonly used chemicals that are detected globally in all environmental matrices. We investigated the extent of contamination by perfluorinated compounds in the red-throated diver, a marine predatory bird, and observed an unusual distribution of perfluorinated compounds in tissues. The data help us to better understand the behaviour of these contaminants in organisms.Abstract. Twenty poly-and perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) were investigated in four red-throated divers (Gavia stellata) from the German Baltic Sea sampled in 2005. Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl sulfonates (PFSAs), perfluoroalkyl carboxylates (PFCAs), alkylated perfluoroalkyl sulfonamides, alkylated perfluoroalkyl sulfonamidoethanols and perfluorooctane sulfonamides were determined in blood, brain, fatty tissue, gall bladder, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle and spleen by high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). For quantification standard addition was applied. Twelve compounds were detected with average total PFC concentrations ranging from 42 ng g À1 in muscle to 220 ng g À1 in liver samples. Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) was the major compound in each of the 40 tissue samples. Except for brain, perfluoroundecanoate was the dominant PFCA. In brain samples preferential enrichment of long-chain PFSAs and PFCAs was observed. The total PFC body burden was estimated to 100 AE 39 mg. Multivariate statistical analyses supported the identification of the preferred accumulation 'location' of individual PFCs in the birds' body.

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Biotransformation of N-Ethyl Perfluorooctanesulfonamide by Rainbow Trout (Onchorhynchus mykiss) Liver Microsomes

Cited by 224 publications

References 21 publications

Debrominated and methoxylated polybrominated diphenyl ether metabolites in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) after exposure to decabromodiphenyl ether

Debrominated and methoxylated polybrominated diphenyl ether metabolites in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) after exposure to decabromodiphenyl ether

Trends of polyfluoroalkyl compounds in marine biota and in humans

Perfluorinated compounds in red-throated divers from the German Baltic Sea: new findings from their distribution in 10 different tissues

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