Biotransformation of Mogrosides

Comparative Study on the Antidiabetic Efficacy of Unripe and Ripe Fruit Extracts of Siraitia grosvenorii and the Possible Mechanism of Action

“…Interestingly, the phytochemical reports have shown seasonal variations in the constituents of ripe and unripe fruit which might affect their medicinal properties. Hence, reports have indicated that ripe fruits of Siraitia grosvenorii contains mostly mogroside V, while unripe fruits contain mainly mogroside II [14,5]. Hence cucurbitane glycosides, known as mogrosides, are the major phytochemicals found in ripe fruit of S. grosvenorii extract (RFE) which confer overly sweet taste to the fruit and its extract, often making it 300 times sweeter than sucrose [12].…”

“…Hence cucurbitane glycosides, known as mogrosides, are the major phytochemicals found in ripe fruit of S. grosvenorii extract (RFE) which confer overly sweet taste to the fruit and its extract, often making it 300 times sweeter than sucrose [12]. Mogrosides of S. grosvenorii have many components including mogrosides I to VI [8,5]. Among these mogrosides, mogroside II, triterpenoid saponin, is mainly found in the young unripe fruits with bitter taste while the rest are components of the ripe fruits responsible for their extremely sweet taste [8].…”

“…Reports showed that the ripe fruits of S. grosvenorii contain mainly cucurbitane glycosides, known as mogrosides, which are responsible for its extremely sweet taste and antidiabetic effects. In comparison, unripe fruits of S. grosvenorii have bitter taste, which is mainly due to the presence of bitter mogroside II [5]. The antidiabetic effect of ripe fruits of S. grosvenorii and their mogrosides have been variously reported [6,5], while little is known about the antidiabetic potentials of the unripe fruit.…”

“…In comparison, unripe fruits of S. grosvenorii have bitter taste, which is mainly due to the presence of bitter mogroside II [5]. The antidiabetic effect of ripe fruits of S. grosvenorii and their mogrosides have been variously reported [6,5], while little is known about the antidiabetic potentials of the unripe fruit. Many other pharmacological actions of S. grosvenorii, such as anticancer, antiinflammatory, immunomodulatory and antimicrobial, have been reported [6,5].…”

“…The antidiabetic effect of ripe fruits of S. grosvenorii and their mogrosides have been variously reported [6,5], while little is known about the antidiabetic potentials of the unripe fruit. Many other pharmacological actions of S. grosvenorii, such as anticancer, antiinflammatory, immunomodulatory and antimicrobial, have been reported [6,5]. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the antidiabetic activities of unripe fruits of S. grosvenorii and to compare the effect with that of ripe fruits using diabetic induced animal model, as well as to determine the possible mechanism of action using in-vitro models of alpha glycosidase and alpha amylase carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes' models.…”