Biotransporting Biocatalytic Reactors toward Therapeutic Nanofactories

Nishimura, Tomoki; Akiyoshi, Kazunari

doi:10.1002/advs.201800801

Cited by 48 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 195 publications

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“…After the encapsulation of fluorescent dyes or quantum dots, they may serve as imaging vesicles [ 51 , 52 ], while the incorporation of magnetic particles allows for the precise navigation of nanocapsules using the external magnetic field [ 53 , 54 ]. Polymer nanocapsules can also serve as carriers releasing the cargo upon a given stimulus and nanoreactors for the reactions requiring a confined environment [ 55 , 56 , 57 ]. Further functionalization leads to the formation of multifunctional carriers [ 58 , 59 , 60 ].…”

Section: Fabrication Of Polymer Core-shell Nanocapsulesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer Capsules with Hydrophobic Liquid Cores as Functional Nanocarriers

et al. 2020

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Recent developments in the fabrication of core-shell polymer nanocapsules, as well as their current and future applications, are reported here. Special attention is paid to the newly introduced surfactant-free fabrication method of aqueous dispersions of nanocapsules with hydrophobic liquid cores stabilized by amphiphilic copolymers. Various approaches to the efficient stabilization of such vehicles, tailoring their cores and shells for the fabrication of multifunctional, navigable nanocarriers and/or nanoreactors useful in various fields, are discussed. The emphasis is placed on biomedical applications of polymer nanocapsules, including the delivery of poorly soluble active compounds and contrast agents, as well as their use as theranostic platforms. Other methods of fabrication of polymer-based nanocapsules are briefly presented and compared in the context of their biomedical applications.

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Section: Fabrication Of Polymer Core-shell Nanocapsulesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer Capsules with Hydrophobic Liquid Cores as Functional Nanocarriers

et al. 2020

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“…Inspired by naturally available compartments for highly efficient biochemistry reaction, artificial nanoreactors have been devised to provide a spatially confined and isolated reaction space for improving the reaction efficiency, protecting the loaded catalysts, and regulating the reaction rate, − which have been explored to be applied in many fields including organic synthesis, , polymerization, − nanoparticle preparation, , medical applications, − and artificial organelles. , In medical applications for disease treatment, therapeutic nanoreactors can act as a conceptualized nanofactory for transformation of toxic molecules into nontoxic compounds to detoxify, or in situ production of toxic drugs from nontoxic prodrugs or intrinsic biomolecules to kill bacteria or cancer cells. ,− Given the highly toxic side effects of chemical drugs for chemotherapy, therapeutic nanoreactors have attracted great attention in the field of precise anticancer nanomedicine . Relative to traditional well-known enzyme prodrug therapy, , the nanoreactors show distinctive advantages for in vivo application including protection of catalysts ( e.g .…”

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confidence: 99%

Therapeutic Polymersome Nanoreactors with Tumor-Specific Activable Cascade Reactions for Cooperative Cancer Therapy

et al. 2019

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Therapeutic nanoreactors are of increasing interest in precise cancer therapy, which have been explored to in situ produce therapeutic compounds from inert prodrugs or intrinsic molecules at the target sites. However, engineering a nanoreactor with tumor activable cascade reactions for efficient cooperative cancer therapy remains a great challenge. Herein, we demonstrate a polymersome nanoreactor with tumor acidity-responsive membrane permeability to activate cascade reactions for orchestrated cooperative cancer treatment. The nanoreactors are constructed from responsive polyprodrug polymersomes incorporating ultrasmall iron oxide nanoparticles and glucose oxidase in the membranes and inner aqueous cavities, respectively. The cascade reactions including glucose consumption to generate H2O2, accelerated iron ion release, Fenton reaction between H2O2 and iron ion to produce hydroxyl radicals (•OH), and •OH-triggered rapid release of parent drugs can be specifically activated by the tumor acidity-responsive membrane permeability. During this process, the orchestrated cooperative cancer therapy including starving therapy, chemodynamic therapy, and chemotherapy is realized for high-efficiency tumor suppression by the in situ consumed and produced compounds. The nanoreactor design with tumor-activable cascade reactions represents an insightful paradigm for precise cooperative cancer therapy.

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“…The ability of artificial lipid bilayers to maintain membrane proteins in a functional state is showcased by their use as a bottom-up platform for the assembly of nanocells in synthetic biology, whereby membrane proteins are embedded in liposomes to create functional systems with potential applications as nano-sized reaction compartments, drug delivery vehicles and novel therapeutics [209][210][211]. In this context, a biomimetic alternative to lipid bilayers are membranes formed from amphiphilic block copolymers [212][213][214].…”

Section: Liposomes (And Polymersomes)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fake It ‘Till You Make It—The Pursuit of Suitable Membrane Mimetics for Membrane Protein Biophysics

Thoma

Burmann

2020

IJMS

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Membrane proteins evolved to reside in the hydrophobic lipid bilayers of cellular membranes. Therefore, membrane proteins bridge the different aqueous compartments separated by the membrane, and furthermore, dynamically interact with their surrounding lipid environment. The latter not only stabilizes membrane proteins, but directly impacts their folding, structure and function. In order to be characterized with biophysical and structural biological methods, membrane proteins are typically extracted and subsequently purified from their native lipid environment. This approach requires that lipid membranes are replaced by suitable surrogates, which ideally closely mimic the native bilayer, in order to maintain the membrane proteins structural and functional integrity. In this review, we survey the currently available membrane mimetic environments ranging from detergent micelles to bicelles, nanodiscs, lipidic-cubic phase (LCP), liposomes, and polymersomes. We discuss their respective advantages and disadvantages as well as their suitability for downstream biophysical and structural characterization. Finally, we take a look at ongoing methodological developments, which aim for direct in-situ characterization of membrane proteins within native membranes instead of relying on membrane mimetics.

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Biotransporting Biocatalytic Reactors toward Therapeutic Nanofactories

Cited by 48 publications

References 195 publications

Polymer Capsules with Hydrophobic Liquid Cores as Functional Nanocarriers

Polymer Capsules with Hydrophobic Liquid Cores as Functional Nanocarriers

Therapeutic Polymersome Nanoreactors with Tumor-Specific Activable Cascade Reactions for Cooperative Cancer Therapy

Fake It ‘Till You Make It—The Pursuit of Suitable Membrane Mimetics for Membrane Protein Biophysics

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