Bioturbation, heavy mineral concentration, and high gamma-ray activity in the Lower Cretaceous McMurray Formation, Canada

Fustic, Milovan; Nair, Rajeev; Wetzel, Andreas; Siddiqui, Raza; Matthews, W. A.; Wüst, Raphael A.J.; Bringué, Manuel; Radović, Jagoš R.

doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2020.110187

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…From the 'academic' point of view, the enrichment of zircons provides large grain populations suitable for age dating and provenance studies. With respect to the latter aspect, Fustic et al (2021) nicely show that basement areas exhibiting prominent Appalachian (~400 Ma) and Grenville (~1100 Ma) orogeny and subordinately "Canadian Shield" signals acted as source areas of the studied deposits. The trace fossils encountered document that these HIS formed within the fluvial-marine transition zone (FMTZ) under estuarine conditions and thus, allow a rather distinct environmental interpretation of such deposits (e.g., Gingras et al, 2012).…”

Section: Bioturbation-enhanced Heavy-mineral Enrichment In Estuarine ...mentioning

confidence: 87%

Preface: Ichnology, trace fossils and depositional environments

Wetzel

Rodrı́guez-Tovar

2021

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

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Section: Bioturbation-enhanced Heavy-mineral Enrichment In Estuarine ...mentioning

confidence: 87%

Preface: Ichnology, trace fossils and depositional environments

Wetzel

Rodrı́guez-Tovar

2021

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

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“…The depositional environment of the McMurray Formation changed with the onset of tidal influenced deposits of the middle interval and, resulted in a disconformable contact with fluvial and lacustrine deposits of the lower interval (Durkin et al, 2017;Hein et al, 2000Hein et al, , 2001Hein et al, , 2013. Middle and upper interval deposits accumulated proximal to the now eroded shoreline of the southward advance of the Boreal Sea along the northern reaches of a continental-scale river system that extended across the interior of the North American craton (Benyon et al, 2014(Benyon et al, , 2016Fustic et al, 2021;Rinke-Hardekopf et al, 2019, 2021. The middle interval strata include an extensive distribution of multi-kilometre long and 10-40 m thick point bars (Broughton, 2015(Broughton, , 2016Hein et al, 2013).…”

Section: Mcmurray Formation Stratigraphymentioning

confidence: 99%

Salt dissolution tectonism and origin of lacustrine carbonate beds: Mn‐Fe‐calcite and Mn‐siderite micro‐spherulite fabrics of the Lower Cretaceous McMurray Formation, Athabasca Oil Sands deposit, western Canada

Broughton

2022

The Depositional Record

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Several lacustrine carbonate beds, each a metre-thick interval of densely packed Mn-rich sideritic micro-spherulites or Mn-rich ferroan calcite micro-spherulites, are recorded for the first time within strata of the Lower Cretaceous McMurray Formation of the northern Athabasca Oil Sands deposit, western Canada. A lower McMurray lacustrine carbonate deposit is characterised by a metre-thick bed fabric of Mn-rich siderite micro-spherulites. The middle and upper interval McMurray beds developed fabrics of Mn 2+ -rich ferroan calcite micro-spherulites. These carbonate beds represent saline lacustrine depositional environments that resulted from the lake bottom sediments ingressed from below by Mn 2+ -Fe 2+ -rich carbonate-saturated brines. These up-section migrations of Devonian formation water were sourced from dissolution trends developed in limestone and haliteanhydrite beds of the underlying Devonian Prairie Evaporite during Cordilleran deformation of the Alberta Basin foreland. These brines ascended to the overlying McMurray Formation sediments along dissolution-collapse structures such as breccia pipes, sinkholes and margins of differentially subsided Upper Devonian fault blocks. The up-section migration of a sulphate-saturated Fe 2+ and Mn 2+ -rich brine resulted in the ingress of a lower McMurray lacustrine bottom sediment at a site associated with the development of a peat mire terrain. Microbial redox of the lake bottom sediment resulted in a carbonate bed of micro-spherulitic fabrics of Mn-rich siderite interwoven with pyrite laminae. Subsequent salt dissolution events and up-section migrations of Devonian brine during deposition of the middle and upper McMurray intervals resulted in similar carbonate-saturated but sulphate-poor chemistry. These saline flows also ingressed lacustrine bottom sediments below, and resulted in limestone beds of densely packed spherulitic fabrics of Mn-ferroan calcite, not siderite. These deposits provide insight into largely unknown dispositions of voluminous brine resulting from salt dissolution trends | 657 BROUGHTON How to cite this article: Broughton, P.L. (2022) Salt dissolution tectonism and origin of lacustrine carbonate beds: Mn-Fe-calcite and Mn-siderite micro-spherulite fabrics of the Lower Cretaceous McMurray Formation,

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“…Remote sensors measure the sun's electromagnetic radiation interacting with materials, allowing the determination of their spectral patterns. These spectral signatures, often referred to as "material fingerprints," enable the differentiation of similar minerals and the determination of their compositions [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilizing remote sensing and aerogeophysical data for spatial decision support system for optimal gold mineralization site identification in North-Central Nigeria

S.,

2024

ETJ

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Remote sensing is employed to detect potential gold reserves in the study. • The research facilitates comprehension of structural geology and its mapping. • FOPCA and aeromagnetic techniques are utilized for advanced interpretation. • GIS modeling enhances the understanding of zones with mineral prospects.This study presents a comprehensive investigation utilizing remote sensing data and aerogeophysical datasets to identify potential economic gold mineralization sites in Zungeru, North-Central Nigeria. The research objectives include understanding the structural setting, mapping lithologic contacts, and detecting hydrothermally altered zones. Spatial suitability analysis was conducted on processed datasets. Feature-Oriented Principal Component Analysis (Crosta approach) was applied to selected Landsat 8 OLI imagery bands for mapping hydroxyl and iron oxide alterations. Additionally, regional topographic lineaments were mapped using SRTM DEM, and subsurface lineaments were identified using aeromagnetic data. Interpretation of the aeromagnetic data revealed complex anomalies associated with various structural characteristics, such as faults, folds, and fractures. The investigation of hydrothermal alteration zones through gamma-ray spectrometry data and K/eTh ratio analysis demonstrated a significant connection with igneous intrusions, further supported by ternary maps of the radioelements. Five thematic maps representing factors that control gold mineralization were integrated using GIS modeling to identify prospective zones. Five distinct mineral-prospective zones are delineated, showing varying levels of mineralization potential. The "Very Good" to "Good" zones are predominantly aligned in the NNE direction, with some occurrence in the NW quadrant. The spatial correlation with lithological characteristics and lineament features suggests their strong influence on mineral prospectivity. Around 76% of gold mineralization is within the most favorably projected zones.Both models show considerable reliability, with predictive accuracies surpassing 70%, as validated using the ROC/AUC metric. The Fuzzy Logic model showcases the highest predictive efficacy, with a prediction level of 78.3%. The validation results of gold mining sites from the models indicate a percentage agreement of 75%. The study guides future exploration efforts, directing them toward areas with the highest promise of finding gold. This work is instrumental in optimizing resource allocation and maximizing the efficiency of exploration endeavors, paving the way for more targeted and successful gold prospecting in the region.

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Bioturbation, heavy mineral concentration, and high gamma-ray activity in the Lower Cretaceous McMurray Formation, Canada

Cited by 6 publications

References 63 publications

Preface: Ichnology, trace fossils and depositional environments

Preface: Ichnology, trace fossils and depositional environments

Salt dissolution tectonism and origin of lacustrine carbonate beds: Mn‐Fe‐calcite and Mn‐siderite micro‐spherulite fabrics of the Lower Cretaceous McMurray Formation, Athabasca Oil Sands deposit, western Canada

Utilizing remote sensing and aerogeophysical data for spatial decision support system for optimal gold mineralization site identification in North-Central Nigeria

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