Biphasic attentional orienting triggered by invisible social signals

Sun, Yuan; Stein, Timo; Liu, Wenjie; Ding, Xiaowei; Nie, Qi-Yang

doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2017.06.020

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…The social value of objects in the visual world is a guiding principle of human selective attention and perception. Socially relevant entities such as faces and bodies are attended to, detected and recognized with the highest priority, in very young infants (Farroni et al, 2005;Simion et al, 2008;Morton & Johnson, 1991) and throughout the life span (Gluckman & Johnson, 2013;New et al, 2007;Ro et al, 2007;Sun et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual perception grounding of social cognition in preverbal infants

Goupil

Papeo

Hochmann

2022

Infancy

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Social life is inherently relational, entailing the ability to recognize and monitor social entities and the relationships between them. Very young infants privilege socially relevant entities in the visual world, such as faces and bodies. Here, we show that six-month-old infants also discriminate between configurations of multiple human bodies, based on the internal visuo-spatial relations between bodies, which could cue -or not-social interaction. We measured the differential looking times for two images, each featuring two identical bodies, but in different spatial relations. Infants discriminated between face-to-face and back-to-back body dyads (Experiment 1), and treated face-to-face dyads with higher efficiency (i.e., processing speed), relative to backto-back dyads (Experiment 2). Looking times for dyads in an asymmetrical relation (i.e., one body facing another without reciprocation) were comparable to looking times for face-to-face dyads, and differed from looking times to back-to-back dyads, suggesting general discrimination between presence versus absence of relation (Experiment 3). Infants' discrimination of images based on relative positioning of items did not generalize to body-object pairs (Experiment 4). Early sensitivity to the relative positioning of bodies in a scene may be a building block of social cognition, preparing the discovery of the keel and backbone of social life: relations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual perception grounding of social cognition in preverbal infants

Goupil

Papeo

Hochmann

2022

Infancy

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“…One possibility is that it took longer to switch attention back to the presaccadic location (e.g., inhibition of return, IOR; Posner et al, 1985). Though previous evidence showed that the stimuli under suppressed from awareness still can capture attention (Jiang, Costello, Fang, Huang, & He, 2006;Sun, Stein, Liu, Ding, & Nie, 2017), this evidence does not mean that attention affects the duration of breaking CFS. For instance, Gayet, Douw, van der Burg, Van der Stigchel, and Paffen (2018) observed that suppressed probes were not released faster from interocular suppression when they were presented at a previously attended location, implying that attention does not modulate the race to awareness in b-CFS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Saccades reset the priority of visual information to access awareness

et al. 2020

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“…At each stage of individual development, RJA is elicited by social cues, such as gaze, face orientation, head orientation, and body posture [3,4], playing a crucial role in social development. Numerous researchers have found that the phenomenon of gaze-following emerges as early as infancy and that social cues produce stronger cueing effects than symbols such as arrows without social meaning [5,6], even without requiring conscious engagement [7]. However, in many studies, individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have shown de cits in JA, especially in gaze-related studies, where ASD individuals showed less frequent gaze-following [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Autistic Trait-Related Joint Attention on Visual Working Memory

Wang¹,

Xuan²,

S³

2020

Preprint

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Background: Social attention deficits have been found in individuals with high autistic traits in the non-clinical population However, the eye movement patterns triggered by gaze direction still need to be explored in individuals with different levels of autistic traits, and it remains unknown whether autistic traits can modulate the relationship between joint attention and visual working memory. The aims of this study were to investigate the effect of autistic traits on joint attention and whether autistic traits could further influence visual working memory performance through joint attention. Methods: A total of 46 participants who scored in the top and bottom 20% on the Chinese version of the Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ) were divided into high- and low-AQ groups. We used a combination of the cueing paradigm, change detection task, and eye-tracking technique to explore behavioral performance and eye movement patterns. The 50% validity gaze and dot cues were set as social and nonsocial cues, respectively. Results: The low-AQ group showed shorter reaction times for the gaze-cued location but not for the dot condition and not for the high-AQ group. The low-AQ group had a higher fixation proportion, more fixation counts both in the gaze-cued and dot-cued locations, and shorter entry time into the target ROI under the valid gaze condition. The high-AQ group only showed a dot cueing effect with a higher fixation proportion and more fixation counts in dot-cued location.Limitations: The small number of memory items may have led participants to encode polygons into long-term memory, which limits the only interpretation of results on visual working memory. In addition, participants in this study were all undergraduates or graduate students, which may limit the generalizability of our findings to a broader population.Conclusions: This finding suggest that autistic traits influence the pattern of attention triggered by gaze and dot cues. Individuals with low-AQ were more adept at using gaze cues to direct attention, while high-AQ individuals were less sensitive to gaze cues and preferred non-social cues. The difference in joint attention further affected the speed of visual working memory.

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Biphasic attentional orienting triggered by invisible social signals

Cited by 15 publications

References 44 publications

Visual perception grounding of social cognition in preverbal infants

Visual perception grounding of social cognition in preverbal infants

Saccades reset the priority of visual information to access awareness

Effects of Autistic Trait-Related Joint Attention on Visual Working Memory

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