Biphasic Polyurethane/Polylactide Sponges Doped with Nano-Hydroxyapatite (nHAp) Combined with Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Stem Cells for Regenerative Medicine Applications

Abstract

Cartilage and bone tissue injuries are common targets in regenerative medicine. The degeneration of cartilage tissue results in tissue loss with a limited ability to regenerate. However, the application of mesenchymal stem cells in the course of such condition makes it possible to manage this disorder by improving the structure of the remaining tissue and even stimulating its regeneration. Nevertheless, in the case of significant tissue loss, standard local injection of cell suspensions is insufficient, due to the low engraftment of transplanted cells. Introduction of mesenchymal stem cells on the surface of a compatible biomaterial can be a promising tool for inducing the regeneration by both retaining the cells at the desired site and filling the tissue gap. In order to obtain such a cell-biomaterial hybrid, we developed complex, biphasic polymer blend biomaterials composed of various polyurethane (PU)-to-polylactide (PLA) ratios, and doped with different concentrations of nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAp). We have determined the optimal blend composition and nano-hydroxyapatite concentration for adipose mesenchymal stem cells cultured on the biomaterial. We applied biological in vitro techniques, including cell viability assay, determination of oxidative stress factors level, osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation potentials as well as cell proteomic analysis. We have shown that the optimal composition of biphasic scaffold was 20:80 of PU:PLA with 20% of nHAp for osteogenic differentiation, and 80:20 of PU:PLA with 10% of nHAp for chondrogenic differentiation, which suggest the optimal composition of final biphasic implant for regenerative medicine applications.

Promotion through external magnetic field of osteogenic differentiation potential in adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells: Design of polyurethane/poly(lactic) acid sponges doped with iron oxide nanoparticles

“…Our previous studies showed that (TPU + PLA) sponges with the 80:20 ratio induced osteogenic differentiation potential in ASCs (Marycz, Marędziak, Grzesiak, Lis, & Śmieszek, ). Here, we additionally incorporated 1 and 5% IONPs to analyze their effect on ASCs under normal and MF conditions.…”

“…The porous matrices were prepared as previously described by our group (Marycz, Marędziak, Grzesiak, Lis, & Śmieszek, ). Polymers, as well as composite scaffolds, were produced by means of the solvent casting particulate leaching method.…”

The differences in the eyelids microstructure and the conjunctiva‐associated lymphoid tissue between selected ornamental and wild birds as a result of adaptation to their habitat

“…The dehydrated tissues were left to air‐dry overnight. Then, the samples were coated with gold using ScanCoat6 (Edwards) and observed using a SE1 detector at a 10 kV filament tension (SEM, Zeiss Evo LS 15) (Marycz, Marędziak, Grzesiak, & Śmieszek, ). The study was performed in the Electron Microscopy Laboratory of the Wroclaw University (Wroclaw, Poland).…”

Osteoinduction of 3D printed particulate and short-fibre reinforced composites produced using PLLA and apatite-wollastonite

“…In essence, we argue that ALP was not produced in the PLLA/AWf cultures because phosphate was already available in the media, but for PLLA/AWp and PLLA cultures it wasn't as prominent. Previous studies show that the ingestion of HA particles smaller than 50 µm could accelerate the osteogenic differentiation of human MSCs derived from adipose tissue [54].…”