Bipolar membrane electrodialysis for mixed salt water treatment: Evaluation of parameters on process performance

Öner, Muhammed Raşit; Kanca, Arzu; Ata, Osman Nuri; Yapıcı, Sinan; Yaylalı, Neslihan Alemdar

doi:10.1016/j.jece.2021.105750

Cited by 29 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Membrane processes are classified based on their operational driving forces, which further depend on their separation mechanisms, such as sieving [ 38 ], solution-diffusion [ 39 ], adsorption [ 40 ], and electrochemical effects [ 41 ]. Thus, the driving forces include the gradients of pressure [ 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 ], potential [ 46 , 47 , 48 ], and concentration [ 49 , 50 ] across the membrane. Pressure driven membrane processes include MF [ 51 ], UF [ 52 ], NF [ 53 ], and RO [ 54 ].…”

Section: Membrane Processes Based On Various Separation Driving Forcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fouling Prevention in Polymeric Membranes by Radiation Induced Graft Copolymerization

2022

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The application of membrane processes in various fields has now undergone accelerated developments, despite the presence of some hurdles impacting the process efficiency. Fouling is arguably the main hindrance for a wider implementation of polymeric membranes, particularly in pressure-driven membrane processes, causing higher costs of energy, operation, and maintenance. Radiation induced graft copolymerization (RIGC) is a powerful versatile technique for covalently imparting selected chemical functionalities to membrane surfaces, providing a potential solution to fouling problems. This article aims to systematically review the progress in modifications of polymeric membranes by RIGC of polar monomers onto membranes using various low- and high-energy radiation sources (UV, plasma, γ-rays, and electron beam) for fouling prevention. The feasibility of the modification method with respect to physico-chemical and antifouling properties of the membrane is discussed. Furthermore, the major challenges to the modified membranes in terms of sustainability are outlined and the future research directions are also highlighted. It is expected that this review would attract the attention of membrane developers, users, researchers, and scientists to appreciate the merits of using RIGC for modifying polymeric membranes to mitigate the fouling issue, increase membrane lifespan, and enhance the membrane system efficiency.

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Section: Membrane Processes Based On Various Separation Driving Forcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fouling Prevention in Polymeric Membranes by Radiation Induced Graft Copolymerization

2022

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“…Because the selectivity of the ion‐exchange membrane cannot reach 100%, under the influence of a current field, the SO 4 2− ions in the acid chamber can migrate across the cation‐exchange layer of the bipolar membrane and enter the base chamber 17 . In addition, the SO 4 2− ions in the salt chamber could diffuse through the cation‐exchange membrane, thus decreasing the purity of the base product 34–36 . In fact, there are two opposite impacts caused by current density that influence the purity of the alkaline product.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…17 In addition, the SO 4 2À ions in the salt chamber could diffuse through the cation-exchange membrane, thus decreasing the purity of the base product. [34][35][36] In fact, there are two opposite impacts caused by current density that influence the purity of the alkaline product. On the one hand, a high current density can reduce the running time and decrease the possibility for coion migration through the ion-exchange membrane.…”

Section: àmentioning

confidence: 99%

One‐step conversion of sulfate lithium into high‐purity lithium hydroxide crystals via bipolar membrane crystallization

Hou

Wang

et al. 2023

AIChE Journal

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To date, bipolar membrane electrodialysis (BMED) is being developed as a competitive technology for waste lithium‐ion battery recovery. However, the purity and concentration of lithium hydroxide generated from a BMED plant could not meet the product criteria for ternary lithium batteries, thus requiring additional condensation, purification, evaporation, and crystallization procedures. Herein, bipolar membrane crystallization (BMC) was proposed for the one‐step conversion of sulfate lithium into high‐purity lithium hydroxide monohydrate crystals. By mediating a continuous saturated feedstock in the salt compartment, it is possible to convert Li2SO4 into 5+ mol/L LiOH at a current density higher than 500 A/m2. Therefore, this unique design allows the production of 99.9% LiOH∙H2O by taking the principle of water dissociation in the bipolar membrane and the simultaneous crystallization procedure. This proof‐of‐concept study proves the feasibility and competitiveness of the BMC for waste lithium recovery by abandoning the condensation and evaporation procedures.

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“…It shows that both BMED membrane stacks have higher acid conversion than alkali conversion for NaCl electrolysis. Nowadays, some membrane stacks in the market also have better performance in acid production than in alkali production [ 23 ]. In the performance of acid and alkali production, group B membrane stacks are slightly better than group A membrane stacks.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The rate of electrolysis NaCl, HCl production, NaOH production, and electrolysis NaCl power consumption per unit mass were selected as process performance criteria for the BMED system, and other membrane stack parameters (economics of acid-alkali production from electrolytic salt, acid-alkali conversion rate) were also introduced to evaluate the membrane stack performance [ 8 , 23 ]. Experimental data were collected during the experiments and analyzed using the following equations.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recovery of Acid and Alkaline from Industrial Saline Wastewater by Bipolar Membrane Electrodialysis under High-Chemical Oxygen Demand Concentration

Lü

Shao

et al. 2022

Molecules

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Actual high saline wastewater containing concentrated organics and sodium chloride is a bioenergy and renewable resource. This study compared two different bipolar membrane electrodialysis membranes from two companies’ stacks to recover HCl and NaOH from sodium chloride solution and actual chemical wastewater. The results demonstrated that the electrolysis rates were around 1.5 kg/m2h, the HCl and NaOH production rates were about 0.9 kg/m2h, energy consumption was in the range of 1.05–1.27 kWh/kg, and the economic benefits were above 1 yuan/h in BMED systems. From analyzing the performance of seven different BMED membrane stacks, the B2 stack was chosen for electrolyzing actual high salt wastewater to observe the effect of chemical oxygen demand on BMED systems, where electrolytic salt performance, HCl-NaOH alkali production rates, and energy consumption show linear dependence on time for 5000 mg/L chemical oxygen demand wastewater. It illustrated chemical oxygen demand can enhance energy consumption and reduce electrolytic salt performance and the acid and alkali production rates, due to improving the membrane area resistance. In this study, the effect of high COD saline wastewater on the performance of a BMED membrane stack was clarified and the mechanism was analyzed for its practical application in treating chemical high salt wastewater.

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Bipolar membrane electrodialysis for mixed salt water treatment: Evaluation of parameters on process performance

Cited by 29 publications

References 44 publications

Fouling Prevention in Polymeric Membranes by Radiation Induced Graft Copolymerization

Fouling Prevention in Polymeric Membranes by Radiation Induced Graft Copolymerization

One‐step conversion of sulfate lithium into high‐purity lithium hydroxide crystals via bipolar membrane crystallization

Recovery of Acid and Alkaline from Industrial Saline Wastewater by Bipolar Membrane Electrodialysis under High-Chemical Oxygen Demand Concentration

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