2023
DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2023.1181675
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Birch pollen—The unpleasant herald of spring

Abstract: Type I respiratory allergies to birch pollen and pollen from related trees of the order Fagales are increasing in industrialized countries, especially in the temperate zone of the Northern hemisphere, but the reasons for this increase are still debated and seem to be multifaceted. While the most important allergenic molecules of birch pollen have been identified and characterized, the contribution of other pollen components, such as lipids, non-allergenic immunomodulatory proteins, or the pollen microbiome, to… Show more

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Cited by 8 publications
(7 citation statements)
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References 151 publications
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“…Pollen allergy affects 20-25% of the global population and is associated with impairment of health and a high economic burden ( 1 , 2 ). Birch pollen is an important elicitor of seasonal allergic symptoms such as rhinoconjunctivitis, mainly appearing in north temperate zones, including Europe, Asia, and North America ( 1 , 3 , 4 ).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Pollen allergy affects 20-25% of the global population and is associated with impairment of health and a high economic burden ( 1 , 2 ). Birch pollen is an important elicitor of seasonal allergic symptoms such as rhinoconjunctivitis, mainly appearing in north temperate zones, including Europe, Asia, and North America ( 1 , 3 , 4 ).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Pollen allergy affects 20-25% of the global population and is associated with impairment of health and a high economic burden ( 1 , 2 ). Birch pollen is an important elicitor of seasonal allergic symptoms such as rhinoconjunctivitis, mainly appearing in north temperate zones, including Europe, Asia, and North America ( 1 , 3 , 4 ). Bet v 1, the major birch pollen allergen, is the immunodominant protein in birch pollen and has been evidenced as a marker allergen for tree pollen allergy ( 5 9 ).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Birch pollen allergy is a prevalent form of pollinosis worldwide, resulting in significant impairment of healthrelated quality of life for affected individuals. [2][3][4] Birch is predominantly distributed across Europe, North America and Asia. 2,5 The dispersal period of birch pollen ranges from March to May, with a sensitization rate in the general population ranging from 8% to 16%.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…2,5 The dispersal period of birch pollen ranges from March to May, with a sensitization rate in the general population ranging from 8% to 16%. 2,4,6 Birch pollen predominantly elicits allergic rhinitis (AR), allergic conjunctivitis, and asthma. In particular, Class 2 food allergy, also known as pollen food allergy syndrome (PFAS), is becoming increasingly prevalent due to the extensive cross-reactivity between birch pollen and various foods.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%