“…Overall, without dwelling overly on the variability that is beginning to emerge, it seems clear that Neandertals exploited edible and/or non-edible bird resources on relatively broad geographical (a roughly triangular tract of land minimally formed by Gibraltar, Germany and Croatia) and chronological (at least from Marine Isotope Stage [MIS] 9 to MIS3) scales. According to microscopic observations of cutmarks and other taphonomic evidence, Middle Paleolithic humans looked for blood, meat, tendons, bones, feathers and raptor talons (Peresani et al, 2011;Finlayson et al, 2012;Morin and Laroulandie, 2012;Blasco et al, 2014Blasco et al, , 2016Romandini et al, 2014Romandini et al, , 2016Radovčić et al, 2015;Fiore et al, 2016;Laroulandie et al, 2016;Martínez Valle et al, 2016;Majkić et al, 2017;Gómez-Olivencia et al, 2018, Lloveras et al, 2018. Feather residues identified on stone tools at the site of Payre and Abri Maras (Hardy and Moncel, 2011;Hardy et al, 2013) may, if confirmed by additional experiments and observations (Pedergnana and Blasco, 2016), be consistent with this interpretation.…”